Portal authentication controls user access to networks. Portal authenticates a user by the username and password the user enters on a portal authentication page. Typically, portal authentication is deployed on the access layer and vital data entries.

In a portal-enabled network, users can actively initiate portal authentication by visiting the authentication website provided by the portal Web server. Or, they are redirected to the portal authentication page for authentication when they visit other websites.

The device supports Portal 1.0, Portal 2.0, and Portal 3.0.

Advantages of portal authentication

Portal authentication has the following advantages:

· Allows users to perform authentication through a Web browser without installing client software.

· Provides ISPs with diversified management choices and extended functions. For example, the ISPs can place advertisements, provide community services, and publish information on the authentication page.

· Supports multiple authentication modes. For example, re-DHCP authentication implements a flexible address assignment scheme and saves public IP addresses. Cross-subnet authentication can authenticate users who reside in a different subnet than the access device.

Extended portal functions

By forcing patching and anti-virus policies, extended portal functions help hosts to defend against viruses. Portal supports the following extended functions:

· Security check—Detects after authentication whether or not a user host installs anti-virus software, virus definition file, unauthorized software, and operating system patches.

· Resource access restriction—Allows an authenticated user to access certain network resources such as the virus server and the patch server. Users can access more network resources after passing security check.

Security check must cooperate with the H3C IMC security policy server and the iNode client.

Portal system

A typical portal system consists of these basic components: authentication client, access device, portal authentication server, portal Web server, AAA server, and security policy server.

Figure 1 Portal system

Authentication client

An authentication client is a Web browser that runs HTTP/HTTPS or a user host that runs a portal client. Security check for the user host is implemented through the interaction between the portal client and the security policy server. Only the H3C iNode client is supported.

Access device

An access device provides access services. It has the following functions:

· Redirects all HTTP or HTTPS requests of unauthenticated users to the portal Web server.

· Interacts with the portal authentication server and the AAA server to complete authentication, authorization, and accounting.

· Allows users that pass portal authentication to access authorized network resources.

Portal server

A portal server collectively refers to a portal authentication server and portal Web server.

The portal Web server pushes the Web authentication page to authentication clients and forwards user authentication information (username and password) to the portal authentication server. The portal authentication server receives authentication requests from authentication clients and interacts with the access device to authenticate users. The portal Web server is typically integrated with the portal authentication server and it can also be an independent server.

AAA server

The AAA server interacts with the access device to implement authentication, authorization, accounting for portal users. In a portal system, a RADIUS server can perform authentication, authorization, accounting for portal users, and an LDAP server can perform authentication for portal users.

Security policy server

The security policy server interacts with the portal client and the access device for security check and authorization for users. Only hosts that run portal clients can interact with the security policy server.

Portal authentication using a remote portal server

The components of a portal system interact as follows:

1. An unauthenticated user initiates authentication by accessing an Internet website through a Web browser. When receiving the HTTP or HTTPS request, the access device redirects it to the Web authentication page provided by the portal Web server. The user can also visit the authentication website to log in. The user must log in through the H3C iNode client for extended portal functions.

2. The user enters the authentication information on the authentication page/dialog box and submits the information. The portal Web server forwards the information to the portal authentication server. The portal authentication server processes the information and forwards it to the access device.

3. The access device interacts with the AAA server to implement authentication, authorization, accounting for the user.

4. If security policies are not imposed on the user, the access device allows the authenticated user to access networks.

If security policies are imposed on the user, the portal client, the access device, and the security policy server interact to check the user host. If the user passes the security check, the security policy server authorizes the user to access resources based on the check result.

Local portal service

System components

As shown in Figure 2, a local portal system consists of an authentication client, access device, and AAA server. The access device acts as both the portal Web server and the portal authentication server to provide the local portal Web service for the authentication client. The authentication client can only be a Web browser, and it cannot be a user host that runs a portal client. Therefore, extended portal functions are not supported and no security policy server is required.

Figure 2 System components

Portal page customization

To provide the local portal web service, you must customize a set of authentication pages that the device will push to users. You can customize multiple sets of authentication pages, compress each set of the pages to a .zip file, and upload the compressed files to the storage medium of the device. On the device, you must specify one of the files as the default authentication page file by using the default-logon-page command.

For more information about authentication page customization, see "Customizing authentication pages."

Portal authentication modes

Portal authentication has three modes: direct authentication, re-DHCP authentication, and cross-subnet authentication. In direct authentication and re-DHCP authentication, no Layer 3 forwarding devices exist between the authentication client and the access device. In cross-subnet authentication, Layer 3 forwarding devices can exist between the authentication client and the access device.

Direct authentication

A user manually configures a public IP address or obtains a public IP address through DHCP. Before authentication, the user can access only the portal Web server and predefined authentication-free websites. After passing authentication, the user can access other network resources. The process of direct authentication is simpler than that of re-DHCP authentication.

Re-DHCP authentication

Before a user passes authentication, DHCP allocates an IP address (a private IP address) to the user. The user can access only the portal Web server and predefined authentication-free websites. After the user passes authentication, DHCP reallocates an IP address (a public IP address) to the user. The user then can access other network resources. No public IP address is allocated to users who fail authentication. Re-DHCP authentication saves public IP addresses. For example, an ISP can allocate public IP addresses to broadband users only when they access networks beyond the residential community network.

Only the H3C iNode client supports re-DHCP authentication. IPv6 portal authentication does not support the re-DHCP authentication mode.

Cross-subnet authentication

Cross-subnet authentication is similar to direct authentication, except it allows Layer 3 forwarding devices to exist between the authentication client and the access device.

In direct authentication, re-DHCP authentication, and cross-subnet authentication, a user's IP address uniquely identifies the user. After a user passes authentication, the access device generates an ACL for the user based on the user's IP address to control forwarding of the packets from the user. Because no Layer 3 forwarding device exists between authentication clients and the access device in direct authentication and re-DHCP authentication, the access device can learn the user MAC addresses. The access device can enhance its capability of controlling packet forwarding by using the learned MAC addresses.

Portal authentication process

Direct authentication and cross-subnet authentication share the same authentication process. Re-DHCP authentication has a different process as it has two address allocation procedures.

Direct authentication/cross-subnet authentication process (with CHAP/PAP authentication)

Figure 3 Direct authentication/cross-subnet authentication process

The direct/cross-subnet authentication process is as follows:

1. A portal user access the Internet through HTTP or HTTPS, and the HTTP or HTTPS packet arrives at the access device.

¡ If the packet matches a portal free rule, the access device allows the packet to pass.

¡ If the packet does not match any portal-free rule, the access device redirects the packet to the portal Web server. The portal Web server pushes the Web authentication page to the user for him to enter his username and password.

2. The portal Web server submits the user authentication information to the portal authentication server.

3. The portal authentication server and the access device exchange CHAP messages. This step is skipped for PAP authentication. The portal authentication server decides the method (CHAP or PAP) to use.

4. The portal authentication server adds the username and password into an authentication request packet and sends it to the access device. Meanwhile, the portal authentication server starts a timer to wait for an authentication reply packet.

5. The access device and the RADIUS server exchange RADIUS packets.

6. The access device sends an authentication reply packet to the portal authentication server to notify authentication success or failure.

7. The portal authentication server sends an authentication success or failure packet to the client.

8. If the authentication is successful, the portal authentication server sends an authentication reply acknowledgment packet to the access device.

If the client is an iNode client, the authentication process includes step 9 and step 10 for extended portal functions. Otherwise the authentication process is complete.

9. The client and the security policy server exchange security check information. The security policy server detects whether or not the user host installs anti-virus software, virus definition files, unauthorized software, and operating system patches.

10. The security policy server authorizes the user to access certain network resources based on the check result. The access device saves the authorization information and uses it to control access of the user.

Re-DHCP authentication process (with CHAP/PAP authentication)

Figure 4 Re-DHCP authentication process

The re-DHCP authentication process is as follows:

Step 1 through step 7 are the same as those in the direct authentication/cross-subnet authentication process.

8. After receiving the authentication success packet, the client obtains a public IP address through DHCP. The client then notifies the portal authentication server that it has a public IP address.

9. The portal authentication server notifies the access device that the client has obtained a public IP address.

10. The access device detects the IP change of the client through DHCP and then notifies the portal authentication server that it has detected an IP change of the client IP.

11. After receiving the IP change notification packets sent by the client and the access device, the portal authentication server notifies the client of login success.

12. The portal authentication server sends an IP change acknowledgment packet to the access device.

Step 13 and step 14 are for extended portal functions.

13. The client and the security policy server exchanges security check information. The security policy server detects whether or not the user host installs anti-virus software, virus definition files, unauthorized software, and operating system patches.

14. The security policy server authorizes the user to access certain network resources based on the check result. The access device saves the authorization information and uses it to control access of the user.

Portal support for EAP

To use portal authentication that supports EAP, the portal authentication server and client must be the H3C IMC portal server and the H3C iNode portal client. Local portal authentication does not support EAP authentication.

Compared with username and password based authentication, digital certificate-based authentication ensures higher security.

The Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) supports several digital certificate-based authentication methods, for example, EAP-TLS. Working together with EAP, portal authentication can implement digital certificate-based user authentication.

Figure 5 Portal support for EAP working flow diagram

As shown in Figure 5, the authentication client and the portal authentication server exchange EAP authentication packets. The portal authentication server and the access device exchange portal authentication packets that carry the EAP-Message attributes. The access device and the RADIUS server exchange RADIUS packets that carry the EAP-Message attributes. The RADIUS server that supports the EAP server function processes the EAP packets encapsulated in the EAP-Message attributes, and provides the EAP authentication result.

The access device does not process but only transports EAP-Message attributes between the portal authentication server and the RADIUS server. Therefore, the access device requires no additional configuration to support EAP authentication.

Portal filtering rules

The access device uses portal filtering rules to control user traffic forwarding.

Based on the configuration and authentication status of portal users, the device generates the following categories of portal filtering rules:

· Category 1—The rule permits user packets that are destined for the portal Web server and packets that match the portal-free rules to pass through.

· Category 2—For an authenticated user with no ACL authorized, the rule allows the user to access any destination network resources. For an authenticated user with an ACL authorized, the rule allows users to access resources permitted by the ACL. The device adds the rule when a user comes online and deletes the rule when the user goes offline.

The device supports the following types of authorization ACLs:

¡ Basic ACLs (ACL 2000 to ACL 2999).

¡ Advanced ACLs (ACL 3000 to ACL 3999).

¡ Layer 2 ACLs (ACL 4000 to ACL 4999).

For an authorization ACL to take effect, make sure the ACL exists and has ACL rules excluding rules configured with the counting, established, fragment, source-mac, or logging keyword. For more information about ACL rules, see ACL commands in ACL and QoS Command Reference.

· Category 3—The rule redirects all HTTP or HTTPS requests from unauthenticated users to the portal Web server.

· Category 4—For direct authentication and cross-subnet authentication, the rule forbids any user packets to pass through. For re-DHCP authentication, the device forbids user packets with private source addresses to pass.

After receiving a user packet, the device compares the packet against the filtering rules from category 1 to category 4. Once the packet matches a rule, the matching process completes.

Restrictions and guidelines: Portal configuration

Portal authentication through Web does not support security check for users. To implement security check, the client must be the H3C iNode client.

Portal authentication supports NAT traversal whether it is initiated by a Web client or an H3C iNode client. NAT traversal must be configured when the portal client is on a private network and the portal server is on a public network.

Portal authentication tasks at a glance

To configure portal authentication, perform the following tasks:

1. Configuring a remote portal service

Perform this task if a remote portal server is used.

¡ Configuring a remote portal authentication server

¡ Configuring a portal Web server

2. Configuring a local portal service

Perform this task if the access device acts as a portal authentication server and portal Web server.

¡ Configuring local portal service features

¡ Configuring a portal Web server

3. Enabling portal authentication and specifying a portal Web server

¡ Enabling portal authentication on an interface

¡ Specifying a portal Web server on an interface

4. (Optional.) Specifying a preauthentication IP address pool

5. (Optional.) Specifying a portal authentication domain

6. (Optional.) Controlling portal user access

¡ Configuring a portal-free rule

¡ Configuring an authentication source subnet

¡ Configuring an authentication destination subnet

¡ Configuring support of Web proxy for portal authentication

¡ Checking the issuing of category-2 portal filtering rules

¡ Setting the maximum number of portal users

¡ Enabling strict-checking on portal authorization information

¡ Allowing only users with DHCP-assigned IP addresses to pass portal authentication

¡ Enabling portal roaming

¡ Configuring the portal fail-permit feature

7. (Optional.) Configuring portal detection features

¡ Configuring online detection of portal users

¡ Configuring portal authentication server detection

¡ Configuring portal Web server detection

¡ Configuring portal user synchronization

8. (Optional.) Configuring attributes for portal packets and RADIUS packets

¡ Configuring portal packet attributes

You can configure the BAS-IP or BAS-IPv6 attribute for portal packets and specify the device ID.

¡ Configuring attributes for RADIUS packets

You can configure the NAS-Port-Id and NAS-Port-Type attributes and apply a NAS-ID profile to an interface.

9. (Optional.) Configuring online and offline related features for portal users

¡ Logging out online portal users

¡ Enabling portal user login/logout logging

10. (Optional.) Configuring extended portal authentication features

¡ Disabling the Rule ARP or ND entry feature for portal clients

¡ Configuring Web redirect

Prerequisites for portal authentication

The portal feature provides a solution for user identity authentication and security check. To complete user identity authentication, portal must cooperate with RADIUS.

Before you configure portal, you must complete the following tasks:

· The portal authentication server, portal Web server, and RADIUS server have been installed and configured correctly.

· To use the re-DHCP portal authentication mode, make sure the DHCP relay agent is enabled on the access device, and the DHCP server is installed and configured correctly.

· The portal client, access device, and servers can reach each other.

· To use the remote RADIUS server, configure usernames and passwords on the RADIUS server, and configure the RADIUS client on the access device. For information about RADIUS client configuration, see "Configuring AAA."

· To implement extended portal functions, install and configure CAMS EAD or IMC EAD. Make sure the ACLs configured on the access device correspond to the isolation ACL and the security ACL on the security policy server. For installation and configuration about the security policy server, see CAMS EAD Security Policy Component User Manual or IMC EAD Security Policy Help.

Configuring a remote portal authentication server

About configuring the remote portal authentication server

With portal authentication enabled, the device searches for a portal authentication server for a received portal request packet according to the source IP address and VPN information of the packet.

· If a matching portal authentication server is found, the device regards the packet valid and sends an authentication response packet to the portal authentication server. After a user logs in to the device, the user interacts with the portal authentication server as needed.

· If no matching portal authentication server is found, the device drops the packet.

Restrictions and guidelines

Do not delete a portal authentication server in use. Otherwise, users authenticated by that server cannot log out correctly.

Procedure

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Create a portal authentication server and enter its view.

portal server server-name

You can create multiple portal authentication servers.

3. Specify the IP address of the portal authentication server.

IPv4:

ip ipv4-address [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] [ key { cipher | simple } string ]

IPv6:

ipv6 ipv6-address [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] [ key { cipher | simple } string ]

4. (Optional.) Set the destination UDP port number used by the device to send unsolicited portal packets to the portal authentication server.

port port-number

By default, the UDP port number is 50100.

This port number must be the same as the listening port number specified on the portal authentication server.

5. (Optional.) Specify the portal authentication server type.

server-type { cmcc | imc }

By default, the portal authentication server type is IMC.

The specified server type must be the same as the type of the portal authentication server actually used.

6. (Optional.) Configure the device to periodically register with the portal authentication server.

server-register [ interval interval-value ]

By default, the device does not register with a portal authentication server.

Configuring a portal Web server

Portal Web server tasks at a glance

To configure a portal Web server, perform the following tasks:

1. Configure basic parameters for a portal Web server

2. (Optional.) Enabling the captive-bypass feature

3. (Optional.) Configuring a match rule for URL redirection

Configure basic parameters for a portal Web server

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Create a portal Web server and enter its view.

portal web-server server-name

You can create multiple portal Web servers.

3. Specify the VPN instance to which the portal Web server belongs.

vpn-instance vpn-instance-name

By default, the portal Web server belongs to the public network.

4. Specify the URL of the portal Web server.

url url-string

By default, no URL is specified for a portal Web server.

5. Configure the parameters to be carried in the URL when the device redirects it to users.

url-parameter param-name { original-url | source-address | source-mac [ encryption { aes | des } key { cipher | simple } string ] | value expression }

By default, no redirection URL parameters are configured.

6. (Optional.) Specify the portal Web server type.

server-type { cmcc | imc }

By default, the portal Web server type is IMC.

This configuration is applicable to only to the remote portal service.

The specified server type must be the same as the type of the portal Web server actually used.

Enabling the captive-bypass feature

About the captive-bypass feature

By default, the device automatically pushes the portal authentication page to iOS devices and some Android devices when they are connected to the network. The captive-bypass feature enables the device to push the portal authentication page to iOS devices and some Android devices only when they access the Internet by using browsers.

Procedure

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Enter portal Web server view.

portal web-server server-name

3. Enable the captive-pass feature.

captive-bypass enable

By default, the captive-bypass feature is disabled.

Configuring a match rule for URL redirection

About match rules for URL redirection

A URL redirection match rule matches HTTP or HTTPS requests by user-requested URL or User-Agent information, and redirects the matching requests to the specified redirection URL. Therefore, URL redirection match rules allow for more flexible URL redirection than the url command. The url command is only used to redirect HTTP or HTTPS requests from unauthenticated users to the portal Web server for authentication.

Restrictions and guidelines

For a user to successfully access a redirection URL, configure a portal-free rule to allow HTTP or HTTPS requests destined for the redirection URL to pass. For information about configuring portal-free rules, see the portal free-rule command.

If both the url and if-match commands are executed, the if-match command takes priority to perform URL redirection.

Procedure

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Enter portal Web server view.

portal web-server server-name

3. Configure a match rule for URL redirection.

if-match { original-url url-string redirect-url url-string [ url-param-encryption { aes | des } key { cipher | simple } string ] | user-agent string redirect-url url-string }

Configuring local portal service features

About the local portal service

After a local portal service is configured, the device acts as the portal Web server and portal authentication server to perform portal authentication on users. The portal authentication page file is saved in the root directory of the device.

Restrictions and guidelines for configuring local portal service features

For an interface to use the local portal service, the URL of the portal Web server specified for the interface must meet the following requirements:

· The IP address in the URL must be the IP address of a Layer 3 interface (except 127.0.0.1) on the device, and the IP address must be reachable to portal clients.

· The URL must be ended with /portal/. For example: http://1.1.1.1/portal/.

As a best practice for the correct operation of the local portal Web service, use the default authentication page file in the root directory of the device storage medium. To use custom authentication pages, you must strictly follow the related restrictions and guidelines when customizing your own authentication pages. For more information about the restrictions and guidelines, see "Customizing authentication pages."

Customizing authentication pages

About customizing authentication pages

Authentication pages are HTML files. Local portal authentication requires the following authentication pages:

· Logon page

· Logon success page

· Logon failure page

· Online page

· System busy page

· Logoff success page

You must customize the authentication pages, including the page elements that the authentication pages will use, for example, back.jpg for authentication page Logon.htm.

Follow the authentication page customization rules when you edit the authentication page files.

File name rules

The names of the main authentication page files are fixed (see Table 1). You can define the names of the files other than the main authentication page files. File names and directory names are case insensitive.

Table 1 Main authentication page file names

Main authentication page	File name
Logon page	logon.htm
Logon success page	logonSuccess.htm
Logon failure page	logonFail.htm
Online page Pushed after the user gets online for online notification	online.htm
System busy page Pushed when the system is busy or the user is in the logon process	busy.htm
Logoff success page	logoffSuccess.htm

Page request rules

The local portal Web server supports only Get and Post requests.

· Get requests—Used to get the static files in the authentication pages and allow no recursion. For example, if file Logon.htm includes contents that perform Get action on file ca.htm, file ca.htm cannot include any reference to file Logon.htm.

· Post requests—Used when users submit username and password pairs, log in, and log out.

Post request attribute rules

1. Observe the following requirements when editing a form of an authentication page:

¡ An authentication page can have multiple forms, but there must be one and only one form whose action is logon.cgi. Otherwise, user information cannot be sent to the access device.

¡ The username attribute is fixed as PtUser. The password attribute is fixed as PtPwd.

¡ The value of the PtButton attribute is either Logon or Logoff, which indicates the action that the user requests.

¡ A logon Post request must contain PtUser, PtPwd, and PtButton attributes.

¡ A logoff Post request must contain the PtButton attribute.

2. Authentication pages logon.htm and logonFail.htm must contain the logon Post request.

The following example shows part of the script in page logon.htm.

<p>Password :<input type="password" name = "PtPwd" style="width:160px;height:22px" maxlength=32>

</form>

3. Authentication pages logonSuccess.htm and online.htm must contain the logoff Post request.

The following example shows part of the script in page online.htm.

</form>

Page file compression and saving rules

You must compress the authentication pages and their page elements into a standard zip file.

· The name of a zip file can contain only letters, numbers, and underscores.

· The authentication pages must be placed in the root directory of the zip file.

· Zip files can be transferred to the device through FTP or TFTP and must be saved in the root directory of the device.

Examples of zip files on the device:

<Sysname> dir

Directory of flash:

1 -rw- 1405 Feb 28 2008 15:53:20 ssid1.zip

0 -rw- 1405 Feb 28 2008 15:53:31 ssid2.zip

2 -rw- 1405 Feb 28 2008 15:53:39 ssid3.zip

3 -rw- 1405 Feb 28 2008 15:53:44 ssid4.zip

2540 KB total (1319 KB free)

Redirecting authenticated users to a specific webpage

To make the device automatically redirect authenticated users to a specific webpage, do the following in logon.htm and logonSuccess.htm:

1. In logon.htm, set the target attribute of Form to _blank.

See the contents in gray:

2. Add the function for page loading pt_init() to LogonSuccess.htm.

See the contents in gray:

<html>

<head>

<title>LogonSuccess</title>

</head>

... ...

</body>

</html>

Configuring a local portal Web service

Prerequisites

Before you configure an HTTPS-based local portal Web service, you must complete the following tasks:

· Configure a PKI policy, obtain the CA certificate, and request a local certificate. For more information, see "Configuring PKI."

· Configure an SSL server policy, and specify the PKI domain configured in the PKI policy.

During SSL connection establishment, the user browser might display a message that it cannot verify server identity by certificate. For users to perform portal authentication without checking such a message, configure an SSL server policy to request a client-trusted certificate on the device. The name of the policy must be https_redirect. For more information about SSL server policy configuration, see "Configuring SSL."

Procedure

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Enable HTTP- or HTTPS-based local portal Web service and enter its view.

portal local-web-server { http | https ssl-server-policy policy-name [ tcp-port port-number ] }

3. Specify the default authentication page file for the local portal Web service.

default-logon-page filename

By default, the default authentication page file for a local portal Web service is file defaultfile.zip.

4. (Optional.) Configure the HTTP or HTTPS listening TCP port for the local portal Web service.

tcp-port port-number

By default, the HTTP service listening port number is 80 and the HTTPS service listening port number is the TCP port number set by the portal local-web-server command.

Enabling portal authentication on an interface

Restrictions and guidelines

When you enable portal authentication on an interface, follow these restrictions and guidelines:

· Cross-subnet authentication mode (layer3) does not require Layer 3 forwarding devices between the access device and the portal authentication clients. However, if a Layer 3 forwarding device exists between the authentication client and the access device, you must use the cross-subnet portal authentication mode.

· You can enable both IPv4 portal authentication and IPv6 portal authentication on an interface.

When you configure re-DHCP portal authentication on an interface, follow these restrictions and guidelines:

· Make sure the interface has a valid IP address before you enable re-DHCP portal authentication on the interface.

· With re-DHCP portal authentication, configure authorized ARP on the interface as a best practice to make sure only valid users can access the network. With authorized ARP configured on the interface, the interface learns ARP entries only from the users who have obtained a public address from DHCP.

· For successful re-DHCP portal authentication, make sure the BAS-IP or BAS-IPv6 attribute value is the same as the device IP address specified on the portal authentication server. To configure the attribute, use the portal { bas-ip | bas-ipv6 } command.

· An IPv6 portal server does not support re-DHCP portal authentication.

Portal authentication supports HTTP and HTTPS redirect. To redirect portal users' HTTPS packets, make sure the specified HTTPS redirect listening port number (the default is 6654) is available. For more information about how to change the HTTPS redirect listening port number, see HTTPS redirect configuration in Layer 3—IP Services Configuration Guide.

Procedure

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Enter Layer 3 interface view.

interface interface-type interface-number

3. Enable portal authentication.

IPv4:

portal enable method { direct | layer3 | redhcp }

IPv6:

portal ipv6 enable method { direct | layer3 }

By default, portal authentication is disabled.

Specifying a portal Web server on an interface

About specifying a portal Web server on an interface

With a portal Web server specified on an interface, the device redirects the HTTP requests of portal users on the interface to the portal Web server.

You can specify both an IPv4 portal Web server and an IPv6 portal Web server on an interface.

Procedure

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Enter Layer 3 interface view.

interface interface-type interface-number

3. Specify a portal Web server on the interface.

portal [ ipv6 ] apply web-server server-name [ fail-permit ]

By default, no portal Web servers are specified on an interface.

Specifying a preauthentication IP address pool

About preauthentication IP address pools

You must specify a preauthentication IP address pool on a portal-enabled interface in the following situation:

· Portal users access the network through a subinterface of the portal-enabled interface.

· The subinterface does not have an IP address.

· Portal users need to obtain IP addresses through DHCP.

After a user connects to a portal-enabled interface, the user uses an IP address for portal authentication according to the following rules:

· If the interface is configured with a preauthentication IP address pool, the user uses the following IP address:

¡ If the client is configured to obtain an IP address automatically through DHCP, the user obtains an address from the specified IP address pool.

¡ If the client is configured with a static IP address, the user uses the static IP address.

· If the interface has an IP address but no preauthentication IP pool specified, the user uses the static IP address or the IP address obtained from a DHCP server.

· If the interface has no IP address or preauthentication IP pool specified, the user cannot perform portal authentication.

After the user passes portal authentication, the AAA server authorizes an IP address pool for re-assigning an IP address to the user. If no authorized IP address pool is deployed, the user continues using the previous IP address.

Restrictions and guidelines

This configuration takes effect only when the direct IPv4 portal authentication is enabled on the interface.

Make sure the specified IP address pool exists and is complete. Otherwise, the user cannot obtain the IP address and cannot perform portal authentication.

If the portal user does not perform authentication or fails to pass authentication, the assigned IP address is still retained.

Procedure

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Enter Layer 3 interface view.

interface interface-type interface-number

3. Specify a preauthentication IP address pool on the interface.

portal [ ipv6 ] pre-auth ip-pool pool-name

By default, no preauthentication IP address pool is specified on an interface.

Specifying a portal authentication domain

About portal authentication domains

An authentication domain defines a set of authentication, authorization, and accounting policies. Each portal user belongs to an authentication domain and is authenticated, authorized, and accounted in the domain.

With an authentication domain specified on an interface, the device uses the authentication domain for AAA of portal users. This allows for flexible portal access control.

Restrictions and guidelines for specifying a portal authentication domain

The device selects the authentication domain for a portal user in this order:

1. ISP domain specified for the interface.

2. ISP domain carried in the username.

3. System default ISP domain.

If the chosen domain does not exist on the device, the device searches for the ISP domain configured to accommodate users assigned to nonexistent domains. If no such ISP domain is configured, user authentication fails. For information about ISP domains, see "Configuring AAA."

For the authorization ACL in the authentication domain, the following rules apply:

· If the user traffic matches a rule in the ACL, the device processes the traffic based on the permit or deny statement of the rule.

· If the user traffic does not match any rule in the ACL, the device permits the traffic. To deny such traffic, configure the last rule in the ACL to deny all packets by using the rule deny ip command.

· If the ACL contains rules that specify a source address, users might not be able to get online. Do not specify a source IPv4, IPv6, or MAC address when you configure a rule in the ACL.

Specifying a portal authentication domain on an interface

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Enter Layer 3 interface view.

interface interface-type interface-number

3. Specify an portal authentication domain on the interface.

portal [ ipv6 ] domain domain-name

By default, no portal authentication domain is specified on an interface.

You can specify both an IPv4 portal authentication domain and an IPv6 portal authentication domain on an interface.

Controlling portal user access

Configuring a portal-free rule

About portal-free rules

A portal-free rule allows specified users to access specified external websites without portal authentication.

The matching items for a portal-free rule include the host name, source/destination IP address, TCP/UDP port number, source MAC address, access interface, and VLAN. Packets matching a portal-free rule will not trigger portal authentication, so users sending the packets can directly access the specified external websites.

Restrictions and guidelines for configuring a portal-free rule

If you specify both a VLAN and an interface, the interface must belong to the VLAN. If the interface does not belong to the VLAN, the portal-free rule does not take effect.

You cannot configure two or more portal-free rules with the same filtering criteria. Otherwise, the system prompts that the rule already exists.

Regardless of whether portal authentication is enabled or not, you can only add or remove a portal-free rule. You cannot modify it.

Configuring an IP-based portal-free rule

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Configure an IP-based portal-free rule.

IPv4:

portal free-rule rule-number { destination ip { ipv4-address { mask-length | mask } | any } [ tcp tcp-port-number | udp udp-port-number ] | source ip { ipv4-address { mask-length | mask } | any } [ tcp tcp-port-number | udp udp-port-number ] } * [ interface interface-type interface-number ]

IPv6:

portal free-rule rule-number { destination ipv6 { ipv6-address prefix-length | any } [ tcp tcp-port-number | udp udp-port-number ] | source ipv6 { ipv6-address prefix-length | any } [ tcp tcp-port-number | udp udp-port-number ] } * [ interface interface-type interface-number ]

Configuring a source-based portal-free rule

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Configure a source-based portal-free rule.

portal free-rule rule-number source { interface interface-type interface-number | mac mac-address | vlan vlan-id } *

The vlan vlan-id option takes effect only on portal users that access the network through VLAN interfaces.

Configuring a destination-based portal-free rule

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Configure a destination-based portal-free rule.

portal free-rule rule-number destination host-name

Before you configure destination-based portal-free rules, make sure a DNS server is deployed on the network.

Configuring an authentication source subnet

About authentication source subnets

By configuring authentication source subnets, you specify that only HTTP or HTTPS packets from users on the authentication source subnets can trigger portal authentication. If an unauthenticated user is not on any authentication source subnet, the access device discards all the user's HTTP or HTTPS packets that do not match any portal-free rule.

Restrictions and guidelines

Authentication source subnets apply only to cross-subnet portal authentication.

In direct or re-DHCP portal authentication mode, a portal user and its access interface (portal-enabled) are on the same subnet. It is not necessary to specify the subnet as the authentication source subnet.

· In direct mode, the access device regards the authentication source subnet as any source IP address.

· In re-DHCP mode, the access device regards the authentication source subnet on an interface as the subnet to which the private IP address of the interface belongs.

If both authentication source subnets and destination subnets are configured on an interface, only the authentication destination subnets take effect.

You can configure multiple authentication source subnets. If the source subnets overlap, the subnet with the largest address scope (with the smallest mask or prefix) takes effect.

Procedure

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Enter Layer 3 interface view.

interface interface-type interface-number

3. Configure a portal authentication source subnet.

IPv4:

portal layer3 source ipv4-network-address { mask-length | mask }

By default, users from any subnets must pass portal authentication.

IPv6:

portal ipv6 layer3 source ipv6-network-address prefix-length

By default, users from any subnets must pass portal authentication.

Configuring an authentication destination subnet

About authentication destination subnets

By configuring authentication destination subnets, you specify that users trigger portal authentication only when they accessing the specified subnets (excluding the destination IP addresses and subnets specified in portal-free rules). Users can access other subnets without portal authentication.

Restrictions and guidelines

If both authentication source subnets and destination subnets are configured on an interface, only the authentication destination subnets take effect.

You can configure multiple authentication destination subnets. If the destination subnets overlap, the subnet with the largest address scope (with the smallest mask or prefix) takes effect.

Procedure

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Enter Layer 3 interface view.

interface interface-type interface-number

3. Configure a portal authentication destination subnet.

IPv4:

portal free-all except destination ipv4-network-address { mask-length | mask }

IPv6:

portal ipv6 free-all except destination ipv6-network-address prefix-length

By default, users accessing any subnets must pass portal authentication.

Configuring support of Web proxy for portal authentication

About the support of Web proxy for portal authentication

To allow HTTP requests proxied by a Web proxy server to trigger portal authentication, specify the port number of the Web proxy server on the device. If a Web proxy server port is not specified on the device, HTTP requests proxied by the Web proxy server are dropped, and portal authentication cannot be triggered.

Restrictions and guidelines

If a user's browser uses the Web Proxy Auto-Discovery (WPAD) protocol to discover Web proxy servers, you must perform the following tasks on the device:

· Specify port numbers of the Web proxy servers.

· Configure portal-free rules to allow user packets destined for the WPAD server to pass without authentication.

If portal users enable Web proxy in their browsers, the users must add the IP address of the portal authentication server as a proxy exception in their browsers. Thus, HTTP packets that the users send to the portal authentication server will not be sent to Web proxy servers.

You cannot specify Web proxy server port 443 on the device.

You can execute this command multiple times to specify multiple port numbers of Web proxy servers.

Procedure

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Specify the port number of a Web proxy server.

portal web-proxy port port-number

By default, no port numbers of Web proxy servers are specified. Proxied HTTP requests are dropped.

Checking the issuing of category-2 portal filtering rules

About checking the issuing of category-2 portal filtering rules

Category-2 portal filtering rules permit authenticated users to access authorized network resources. By default, the device allows an authenticated user to come online as long as a member device has issued a category-2 portal filtering rule for the user. Users coming online from global interfaces might fail to access network resources because some member ports might not have category-2 rules for the users. To resolve this issue, enable the device to check the issuing of category-2 portal filtering rules. Then, the device allows users to come online only when all member devices have issued category-2 portal filtering rules for the users.

As a best practice, perform this task when portal authentication is enabled on a global interface.

Procedure

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Enable the device to check the issuing of category-2 portal filtering rules.

portal user-rule assign-check enable

By default, the device does not check the issuing of category-2 portal filtering rules.

Setting the maximum number of portal users

About setting the maximum number of portal users

Perform this task to control the total number of portal users in the system, and the maximum number of IPv4 or IPv6 portal users on an interface.

Restrictions and guidelines for setting the maximum number of portal users

Make sure the maximum combined number of IPv4 and IPv6 portal users specified on all interfaces does not exceed the system-allowed maximum number. Otherwise, the exceeding number of portal users will not be able to log in to the device.

Setting the global maximum number of portal users

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Set the global maximum number of portal users.

portal max-user max-number

By default, no limit is set on the global number of portal users.

If you set the global maximum number smaller than the number of current online portal users on the device, this configuration still takes effect. The online users are not affected but the system forbids new portal users to log in.

Setting the maximum number of portal users on an interface

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Enter Layer 3 interface view.

interface interface-type interface-number

3. Set the maximum number of portal users.

portal { ipv4-max-user | ipv6-max-user } max-number

By default, no limit is set on the number of portal users on an interface.

If you set the maximum number smaller than the current number of portal users on an interface, this configuration still takes effect. The online users are not affected but the system forbids new portal users to log in from the interface.

Enabling strict-checking on portal authorization information

About strict-checking on portal authorization information

The strict checking feature allows a portal user to stay online only when the authorization information for the user is successfully deployed.

Enabling strict checking on portal authentication information on an interface

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Enter Layer 3 interface view.

interface interface-type interface-number

3. Enable strict checking on portal authorization information.

portal authorization { acl | user-profile } strict-checking

CAUTION:

· The strict checking fails if the authorized ACL or user profile does not exist on the device or the device fails to deploy the user profile.

· You can enable strict checking on the authorized ACL, authorized user profile, or both. If you enable both ACL checking and user profile checking, the user will be logged out if either checking fails.

By default, strict checking on portal authorization information is disabled on an interface. Portal users stay online even when the authorized ACL or user profile does not exist or the device fails to deploy the user profile.

Allowing only users with DHCP-assigned IP addresses to pass portal authentication

About allowing only users with DHCP-assigned IP addresses to pass portal authentication

This feature allows only users with DHCP-assigned IP addresses to pass portal authentication. Use this feature to ensure that only users with valid IP addresses can access the network.

Restrictions and guidelines

This feature takes effect only when the device acts as both the access device and the DHCP server.

Configuration of this feature does not affect the online portal users.

Allowing only users with DHCP-assigned IP addresses to pass portal authentication on an interface

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Enter Layer 3 interface view.

interface interface-type interface-number

3. Allow only users with DHCP-assigned IP addresses to pass portal authentication.

portal [ ipv6 ] user-dhcp-only

CAUTION:

· After this feature is configured, users with static IP addresses cannot pass portal authentication to come online.

· When this feature is configured in an IPv6 network, disable the temporary IPv6 address feature. Otherwise, IPv6 users will use temporary IPv6 addresses to access the IPv6 network and will fail portal authentication.

By default, both users with IP addresses obtained through DHCP and users with static IP addresses can pass authentication to come online.

Enabling portal roaming

About portal roaming

If portal roaming is enabled on a VLAN interface, an online portal user can access resources from any Layer 2 port in the VLAN without re-authentication.

If portal roaming is disabled, to access external network resources from a Layer 2 port different from the current access port in the VLAN, the user must do the following:

1. Logs out from the current port.

2. Re-authenticates on the new Layer 2 port.

Restrictions and guidelines

Portal roaming takes effect only on portal users logging in from VLAN interfaces. It does not take effect on portal users logging in from common Layer 3 interface.

You cannot enable portal roaming when online portal users exist on the device.

For portal roaming to take effect, you must disable the Rule ARP or ND entry feature by using the undo portal refresh { arp | nd } enable command.

Procedure

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Enable portal roaming.

portal roaming enable

By default, portal roaming is disabled.

Configuring the portal fail-permit feature

About the portal fail-permit feature

Perform this task to configure the portal fail-permit feature on an interface. When the access device detects that the portal authentication server or portal Web server is unreachable, it allows users on the interface to have network access without portal authentication.

If you enable fail-permit for both a portal authentication server and a portal Web server on an interface, the interface does the following:

· Disables portal authentication when either server is unreachable.

· Resumes portal authentication when both servers are reachable.

After portal authentication resumes, unauthenticated users must pass portal authentication to access the network. Users who have passed portal authentication before the fail-permit event can continue accessing the network.

Procedure

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Enter Layer 3 interface view.

interface interface-type interface-number

3. Enable portal fail-permit for a portal authentication server.

portal [ ipv6 ] fail-permit server server-name

By default, portal fail-permit is disabled for a portal authentication server.

4. Enable portal fail-permit for a portal Web server.

portal [ ipv6 ] apply web-server server-name [ fail-permit ]

By default, portal fail-permit is disabled for a portal Web server.

Configuring portal detection features

Configuring online detection of portal users

About online detection for portal users

Use the online detection feature to quickly detect abnormal logouts of portal users. Configure ARP or ICMP detection for IPv4 portal users. Configure ND or ICMPv6 detection for IPv6 portal users.

If the device receives no packets from a portal user within the idle time, the device detects the user's online status as follows:

· ICMP or ICMPv6 detection—Sends ICMP or ICMPv6 requests to the user at configurable intervals to detect the user status.

¡ If the device receives a reply within the maximum number of detection attempts, it considers that the user is online and stops sending detection packets. Then the device resets the idle timer and repeats the detection process when the timer expires.

¡ If the device receives no reply after the maximum number of detection attempts, the device logs out the user.

· ARP or ND detection—Sends ARP or ND requests to the user and detects the ARP or ND entry status of the user at configurable intervals.

¡ If the ARP or ND entry of the user is refreshed within the maximum number of detection attempts, the device considers that the user is online and stops detection. Then the device resets the idle timer and repeats the detection process when the timer expires.

¡ If the ARP or ND entry of the user is not refreshed after the maximum number of detection attempts, the device logs out the user.

Restrictions and guidelines

ARP detection and ND detection apply only to direct and re-DHCP portal authentication. ICMP detection applies to all portal authentication modes.

Procedure

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Enter Layer 3 interface view.

interface interface-type interface-number

3. Configure online detection of portal users.

IPv4:

portal user-detect type { arp | icmp } [ retry retries ] [ interval interval ] [ idle time ]

IPv6:

portal ipv6 user-detect type { icmpv6 | nd } [ retry retries ] [ interval interval ] [ idle time ]

By default, online detection is disabled for portal users on an interface.

Configuring portal authentication server detection

About portal authentication server detection

During portal authentication, if the communication between the access device and portal authentication server is broken, new portal users are not able to log in. Online portal users are not able to log out normally.

To address this problem, the access device needs to be able to detect the reachability changes of the portal server quickly and take corresponding actions to deal with the changes.

The portal authentication server detection feature enables the device to periodically detect portal packets sent by a portal authentication server to determine the reachability of the server. If the device receives a portal packet within a detection timeout (timeout timeout) and the portal packet is valid, the device considers the portal authentication server to be reachable. Otherwise, the device considers the portal authentication server to be unreachable.

Portal packets include user login packets, user logout packets, and heartbeat packets. Heartbeat packets are periodically sent by a server. By detecting heartbeat packets, the device can detect the server's actual status more quickly than by detecting other portal packets.

Restrictions and guidelines

The portal authentication server detection feature takes effect only when the device has a portal-enabled interface.

Only the IMC portal authentication server supports sending heartbeat packets. To test server reachability by detecting heartbeat packets, you must enable the server heartbeat feature on the IMC portal authentication server.

You can configure the device to take one or more of the following actions when the server reachability status changes:

· Sending a log message, which contains the name, the current state, and the original state of the portal authentication server.

· Enabling portal fail-permit. When the portal authentication server is unreachable, the portal fail-permit feature on an interface allows users on the interface to have network access. When the server recovers, it resumes portal authentication on the interface. For more information, see "Configuring the portal fail-permit feature."

· Make sure the detection timeout configured on the device is greater than the server heartbeat interval configured on the portal authentication server.

Procedure

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Enter portal authentication server view.

portal server server-name

3. Configure portal authentication server detection.

server-detect [ timeout timeout ] log

By default, portal authentication server detection is disabled.

Configuring portal Web server detection

About portal Web server detection

A portal authentication process cannot complete if the communication between the access device and the portal Web server is broken. To address this problem, you can enable portal Web server detection on the access device.

With the portal Web server detection feature, the access device simulates a Web access process to initiate a TCP connection to the portal Web server. If the TCP connection can be established successfully, the access device considers the detection successful, and the portal Web server is reachable. Otherwise, it considers the detection to have failed. Portal authentication status on interfaces of the access device does not affect the portal Web server detection feature.

You can configure the following detection parameters:

· Detection interval—Interval at which the device detects the server reachability.

· Maximum number of consecutive failures—If the number of consecutive detection failures reaches this value, the access device considers that the portal Web server is unreachable.

You can configure the device to take one or more of the following actions when the server reachability status changes:

· Sending a log message, which contains the name, the current state, and the original state of the portal Web server.

· Enabling portal fail-permit. When the portal Web server is unreachable, the portal fail-permit feature on an interface allows users on the interface to have network access. When the server recovers, it resumes portal authentication on the interface. For more information, see "Configuring the portal fail-permit feature."

Restrictions and guidelines

The portal Web server detection feature takes effect only when the URL of the portal Web server is specified and the device has a portal-enabled interface.

Procedure

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Enter portal Web server view.

portal web-server server-name

3. Configure portal Web server detection.

server-detect [ interval interval ] [ retry retries ] log

By default, portal Web server detection is disabled.

Configuring portal user synchronization

About portal user synchronization

Once the access device loses communication with a portal authentication server, the portal user information on the access device and that on the portal authentication server might be inconsistent after the communication resumes. To address this problem, the device provides the portal user synchronization feature. This feature is implemented by sending and detecting portal synchronization packets, as follows:

1. The portal authentication server sends the online user information to the access device in a synchronization packet at the user heartbeat interval.

The user heartbeat interval is set on the portal authentication server.

2. Upon receiving the synchronization packet, the access device compares the users carried in the packet with its own user list and performs the following operations:

¡ If a user contained in the packet does not exist on the access device, the access device informs the portal authentication server to delete the user. The access device starts the synchronization detection timer (timeout timeout) immediately when a user logs in.

¡ If the user does not appear in any synchronization packet within a synchronization detection interval, the access device considers the user does not exist on the portal authentication server and logs the user out.

Restrictions and guidelines

Portal user synchronization requires a portal authentication server to support the portal user heartbeat function. Only the IMC portal authentication server supports the portal user heartbeat function. To implement the portal user synchronization feature, you also need to configure the user heartbeat function on the portal authentication server. Make sure the user heartbeat interval configured on the portal authentication server is not greater than the synchronization detection timeout configured on the access device.

Deleting a portal authentication server on the access device also deletes the user synchronization configuration for the portal authentication server.

Procedure

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Enter portal authentication server view.

portal server server-name

3. Configure portal user synchronization.

user-sync timeout timeout

By default, portal user synchronization is disabled.

Configuring portal packet attributes

Configuring the BAS-IP or BAS-IPv6 attribute

About this task

If the device runs Portal 2.0, the unsolicited packets sent to the portal authentication server must carry the BAS-IP attribute. If the device runs Portal 3.0, the unsolicited packets sent to the portal authentication server must carry the BAS-IP or BAS-IPv6 attribute.

After this attribute is configured, the source IP address for unsolicited notification portal packets the device sends to the portal authentication server is the configured BAS-IP or BAS-IPv6 address. If the attribute is not configured, the source IP address of the portal packets is the IP address of the packet output interface.

Restrictions and guidelines

During a re-DHCP portal authentication or mandatory user logout process, the device sends portal notification packets to the portal authentication server. For the authentication or logout process to complete, make sure the BAS-IP/BAS-IPv6 attribute is the same as the device IP address specified on the portal authentication server.

You must configure the BAS-IP or BAS-IPv6 attribute on a portal authentication-enabled interface if the following conditions are met:

· The portal authentication server is an H3C IMC server.

· The portal device IP address specified on the portal authentication server is not the IP address of the portal packet output interface.

Configuring the BAS-IP or BAS-IPv6 attribute on an interface

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Enter Layer 3 interface view.

interface interface-type interface-number

3. Configure the BAS-IP or BAS-IPv6 attribute.

IPv4:

portal bas-ip ipv4-address

By default, the BAS-IP attribute of an IPv4 portal reply packet is the source IPv4 address of the packet. The BAS-IP attribute of an IPv4 portal notification packet is the IPv4 address of the packet's output interface.

IPv6:

portal bas-ipv6 ipv6-address

By default, the BAS-IPv6 attribute of an IPv6 portal reply packet is the source IPv6 address of the packet. The BAS-IPv6 attribute of an IPv6 portal notification packet is the IPv6 address of the packet's output interface.

Specifying the device ID

About specifying the device ID

The portal authentication server uses device IDs to identify the devices that send protocol packets to the portal server.

Restrictions and guidelines

Make sure the configured device ID is different than any other access devices communicating with the same portal authentication server.

Procedure

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Specify the device ID.

portal device-id device-id

By default, a device is not configured with a device ID.

Configuring attributes for RADIUS packets

Specifying a format for the NAS-Port-Id attribute

About specifying a format for the NAS-Port-Id attribute

RADIUS servers from different vendors might require different formats of the NAS-Port-Id attribute in the RADIUS packets. You can specify the NAS-Port-Id attribute format as required.

The device supports predefined formats (format 1, 2, 3, and 4). For more information about the formats, see portal commands in Security Command Reference.

Procedure

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Specify the format for the NAS-Port-Id attribute.

portal nas-port-id format { 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 }

By default, the format for the NAS-Port-Id attribute is format 2.

Configuring the NAS-Port-Type attribute

About the NAS-Port-Type attribute

The NAS-Port-Type attribute in a RADIUS request represents the type of a user's access interface.

The access device might not be able to correctly obtain the type of users' access interfaces when multiple network devices exist between the access device and the portal client. For the access device to send the correct access interface type to the RADIUS server, perform this task to configure the NAS-Port-Type attribute.

Restrictions and guidelines

This configuration takes effect only on portal users that newly come online.

Procedure

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Enter interface view.

interface interface-type interface-number

3. Configure the NAS-Port-Type attribute carried in outgoing RADIUS requests on the interface.

portal nas-port-type { 802.11 | adsl-cap | adsl-dmt | async | cable | ethernet | g.3-fax | hdlc | idsl | isdn-async-v110 | isdn-async-v120 | isdn-sync | piafs | sdsl | sync | virtual | wireless-other | x.25 | x.75 | xdsl }

By default, the NAS-Port-Type carried in outgoing RADIUS requests is Ethernet (attribute value 15).

Applying a NAS-ID profile to an interface

About applying a NAS-ID profile to an interface

By default, the device sends its device name in the NAS-Identifier attribute of all RADIUS requests.

A NAS-ID profile enables you to send different NAS-Identifier attribute strings in RADIUS requests from different VLANs. The strings can be organization names, service names, or any user categorization criteria, depending on the administrative requirements.

For example, map the NAS-ID companyA to all VLANs of company A. The device will send companyA in the NAS-Identifier attribute for the RADIUS server to identify requests from any Company A users.

Restrictions and guidelines

You can apply a NAS-ID profile to a portal-enabled interface. If no NAS-ID profile is specified on the interface or no matching NAS-ID is found in the specified profile, the device uses the device name as the interface NAS-ID.

Procedure

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Create a NAS-ID profile and enter NAS-ID profile view.

aaa nas-id profile profile-name

For more information about this command, see Security Command Reference.

3. Configure a NAS ID and VLAN binding in the profile.

nas-id nas-identifier bind vlan vlan-id

For more information about this command, see AAA commands in Security Command Reference. Portal access matches only the inner VLAN ID of QinQ packets. For more information about QinQ, see Layer 2—LAN Switching Configuration Guide.

4. Execute the following commands in sequence to specify the NAS-ID profile on the interface.

a. Return to system view.

quit

b. Enter Layer 3 interface view.

interface interface-type interface-number

c. Specify the NAS-ID profile on the interface.

portal nas-id-profile profile-name

Logging out online portal users

About logging out online portal users

This feature deletes users that have passed portal authentication and terminates ongoing portal authentications.

Restrictions and guidelines

When the number of online users exceeds 2000, executing the portal delete-user command takes a few minutes.

To ensure successful logout of online users, do not disable portal authentication or perform master/subordinate device switchover on the portal-enabled interface during the command execution.

Procedure

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Log out online portal users.

portal delete-user { ipv4-address | all | interface interface-type interface-number | ipv6 ipv6-address }

Enabling portal user login/logout logging

About enabling portal user login/logout logging

This feature logs information about user login and logout events. The information includes the username, user IP address and MAC address, user access interface, VLAN, and login result. The logs are sent to the information center of the device. For the logs to be output correctly, you must also configure the information center on the device. For more information about information center configuration, see Network Management and Monitoring Configuration Guide.

Procedure

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Enable portal user login/logout logging.

portal log enable

By default, portal user login/logout logging is disabled.

Disabling the Rule ARP or ND entry feature for portal clients

About this task

When the Rule ARP or ND entry feature is enabled for portal clients, ARP or ND entries for portal clients are Rule entries after the clients come online. The Rule entries will not age out and will be deleted immediately after the portal clients go offline. If a portal client goes offline and then tries to get online before the ARP or ND entry is relearned for the client, the client will fail the authentication. To avoid such authentication failure, disable this feature. Then, ARP or ND entries for portal clients are dynamic entries after the clients come online and are deleted only when they age out.

Restrictions and guidelines

Enabling or disabling of this feature does not affect existing Rule/dynamic ARP or ND entries.

Procedure

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Disable the Rule ARP or ND entry feature for portal clients.

undo portal refresh { arp | nd } enable

By default, the Rule ARP or ND entry feature is enabled for portal clients.

Configuring Web redirect

About Web redirect

Web redirect is a simplified portal feature. With Web redirect, a user does not perform portal authentication but is directly redirected to the specified URL on the first Web access attempt in a browser. After the specified redirect interval, the user is redirected from the visiting website to the specified URL again.

Web redirect can provide ISPs with extended services. For example, the ISPs can place advertisements and publish information on the redirected webpage.

Restrictions and guidelines

The Web redirect feature takes effect only on HTTP packets that use the default port number 80.

Web redirect does not work when both Web redirect and portal authentication are enabled.

Procedure

1. Enter system view.

system-view

2. Enter Layer 3 interface view.

interface interface-type interface-number

3. Configure Web redirect.

web-redirect [ ipv6 ] url url-string [ interval interval ]

By default, Web redirect is disabled.

Display and maintenance commands for portal

Execute display commands in any view and the reset command in user view.

Task	Command
Display portal configuration and portal running state.	display portal interface interface-type interface-number
Display packet statistics for portal authentication servers.	display portal packet statistics [ server server-name ]
Display portal rules.	display portal rule { all \| dynamic \| static } interface interface-type interface-number [ slot slot-number ]
Display portal authentication server information.	display portal server [ server-name ]
Display portal user information.	display portal user { all \| interface interface-type interface-number \| ip ipv4-address \| ipv6 ipv6-address } [ verbose ]
Display portal Web server information.	display portal web-server [ server-name ]
Display Web redirect rule information.	display web-redirect rule interface interface-type interface-number [ slot slot-number ]
Clear packet statistics for portal authentication servers.	reset portal packet statistics [ server server-name ]

Portal configuration examples

Example: Configuring direct portal authentication

Network configuration

As shown in Figure 6, the host is directly connected to the switch (the access device). The host is assigned a public IP address either manually or through DHCP. A portal server acts as both a portal authentication server and a portal Web server. A RADIUS server acts as the authentication/accounting server.

Configure direct portal authentication, so the host can access only the portal server before passing the authentication and access other network resources after passing the authentication.

Figure 6 Network diagram

Prerequisites

· Configure IP addresses for the host, switch, and servers as shown in Figure 6 and make sure they can reach each other.

· Configure the RADIUS server correctly to provide authentication and accounting functions.

Configuring the portal authentication server on IMC PLAT 5.0

In this example, the portal server runs on IMC PLAT 5.0(E0101) and IMC UAM 5.0(E0101).

1. Configure the portal authentication server:

a. Log in to IMC and click the Service tab.

b. Select User Access Manager > Portal Service Management > Server from the navigation tree to open the portal server configuration page, as shown in Figure 7.

c. Configure the portal server parameters as needed.

This example uses the default settings.

d. Click OK.

Figure 7 Portal server configuration

2. Configure the IP address group:

a. Select User Access Manager > Portal Service Management > IP Group from the navigation tree to open the portal IP address group configuration page.

b. Click Add to open the page as shown in Figure 8.

c. Enter the IP group name.

d. Enter the start IP address and end IP address of the IP group.

Make sure the host IP address is in the IP group.

e. Select a service group.

This example uses the default group Ungrouped.

f. Select the action Normal.

g. Click OK.

Figure 8 Adding an IP address group

3. Add a portal device:

a. Select User Access Manager > Portal Service Management > Device from the navigation tree to open the portal device configuration page.

b. Click Add to open the page as shown in Figure 9.

c. Enter the device name NAS.

d. Enter the IP address of the switch's interface connected to the host.

e. Enter the key, which must be the same as that configured on the switch.

f. Set whether to enable IP address reallocation.

This example uses direct portal authentication, and therefore select No from the Reallocate IP list.

g. Select whether to support server heartbeat and user heartbeat functions.

In this example, select No for both Support Server Heartbeat and Support User Heartbeat.

h. Click OK.

Figure 9 Adding a portal device

4. Associate the portal device with the IP address group:

a. As shown in Figure 10, click the icon in the Port Group Information Management column of device NAS to open the port group configuration page.

b. Click Add to open the page as shown in Figure 11.

c. Enter the port group name.

d. Select the configured IP address group.

The IP address used by the user to access the network must be within this IP address group.

e. Use the default settings for other parameters.

f. Click OK.

Figure 10 Device list

Figure 11 Adding a port group

5. Select User Access Manager > Service Parameters > Validate System Configuration from the navigation tree to make the configurations take effect.

Configuring the switch

1. Configure a RADIUS scheme:

# Create a RADIUS scheme named rs1 and enter its view.

<Switch> system-view

[Switch] radius scheme rs1

# Specify the primary authentication server and primary accounting server, and configure the keys for communication with the servers.

[Switch-radius-rs1] primary authentication 192.168.0.112

[Switch-radius-rs1] primary accounting 192.168.0.112

[Switch-radius-rs1] key authentication simple radius

[Switch-radius-rs1] key accounting simple radius

# Exclude the ISP domain name from the username sent to the RADIUS server.

[Switch-radius-rs1] user-name-format without-domain

[Switch-radius-rs1] quit

# Enable RADIUS session control.

[Switch] radius session-control enable

2. Configure an authentication domain:

# Create an ISP domain named dm1 and enter its view.

[Switch] domain dm1

# Configure AAA methods for the ISP domain.

[Switch-isp-dm1] authentication portal radius-scheme rs1

[Switch-isp-dm1] authorization portal radius-scheme rs1

[Switch-isp-dm1] accounting portal radius-scheme rs1

[Switch-isp-dm1] quit

# Configure domain dm1 as the default ISP domain. If a user enters the username without the ISP domain name at login, the authentication and accounting methods of the default domain are used for the user.

[Switch] domain default enable dm1

3. Configure portal authentication:

# Configure a portal authentication server.

[Switch] portal server newpt

[Switch-portal-server-newpt] ip 192.168.0.111 key simple portal

[Switch-portal-server-newpt] port 50100

[Switch-portal-server-newpt] quit

# Configure a portal Web server.

[Switch] portal web-server newpt

[Switch-portal-websvr-newpt] url http://192.168.0.111:8080/portal

[Switch-portal-websvr-newpt] quit

# Enable direct portal authentication on VLAN-interface 100.

[Switch] interface vlan-interface 100

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] portal enable method direct

# Specify portal Web server newpt on VLAN-interface 100.

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] portal apply web-server newpt

# Configure the BAS-IP as 2.2.2.1 for portal packets sent from VLAN-interface 100 to the portal authentication server.

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] portal bas-ip 2.2.2.1

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] quit

Verifying the configuration

# Verify that the portal configuration has taken effect.

[Switch] display portal interface vlan-interface 100

Portal information of Vlan-interface100

NAS-ID profile: Not configured

Authorization : Strict checking

ACL : Disabled

User profile : Disabled

IPv4:

Portal status: Enabled

Portal authentication method: Direct

Portal web server: newpt

Portal mac-trigger-server: Not configured

Authentication domain: Not configured

User-dhcp-only: Disabled

Pre-auth IP pool: Not configured

Max Portal users: Not configured

Bas-ip: 2.2.2.1

User detection: Not configured

Action for server detection:

Server type Server name Action

-- -- --

Layer3 source network:

IP address Mask

Destination authenticate subnet:

IP address Mask

IPv6:

Portal status: Disabled

Portal authentication method: Disabled

Portal web server: Not configured

Portal mac-trigger-server: Not configured

Authentication domain: Not configured

User-dhcp-only: Disabled

Pre-auth IP pool: Not configured

Max Portal users: Not configured

Bas-ipv6: Not configured

User detection: Not configured

Action for server detection:

Server type Server name Action

-- -- --

Layer3 source network:

IP address Prefix length

Destination authenticate subnet:

IP address Prefix length

A user can perform portal authentication by using the H3C iNode client or through a Web browser. Before passing the authentication, the user can access only the authentication page http://192.168.0.111:8080/portal. All Web requests from the user will be redirected to the authentication page. After passing the authentication, the user can access other network resources.

# After the user passes authentication, use the following command to display information about the portal user.

[Switch] display portal user interface vlan-interface 100

Total portal users: 1

Username: abc

Portal server: newpt

State: Online

VPN instance: N/A

MAC IP VLAN Interface

0015-e9a6-7cfe 2.2.2.2 100 Vlan-interface100

Authorization information:

DHCP IP pool: N/A

User profile: N/A

Session group profile: N/A

ACL number: N/A

Inbound CAR: N/A

Outbound CAR: N/A

Example: Configuring re-DHCP portal authentication

Network configuration

As shown in Figure 12, the host is directly connected to the switch (the access device). The host obtains an IP address through the DHCP server. A portal server acts as both a portal authentication server and a portal Web server. A RADIUS server acts as the authentication/accounting server.

Configure re-DHCP portal authentication. Before passing the authentication, the host is assigned a private IP address. After passing the authentication, the host gets a public IP address and can access network resources.

Figure 12 Network diagram

Restrictions and guidelines

· For re-DHCP portal authentication, configure a public address pool (20.20.20.0/24) and a private address pool (10.0.0.0/24) on the DHCP server. (Details not shown.)

· For re-DHCP portal authentication:

¡ The switch must be configured as a DHCP relay agent.

¡ The portal-enabled interface must be configured with a primary IP address (a public IP address) and a secondary IP address (a private IP address).

For information about DHCP relay agent configuration, see Layer 3—IP Services Configuration Guide.

· Make sure the IP address of the portal device added on the portal server is the public IP address (20.20.20.1) of the switch's interface connecting the host. The private IP address range for the IP address group associated with the portal device is the private subnet 10.0.0.0/24 where the host resides. The public IP address range for the IP address group is the public subnet 20.20.20.0/24.

Prerequisites

· Configure IP addresses for the switch and servers as shown in Figure 12 and make sure the host, switch, and servers can reach each other.

· Configure the RADIUS server correctly to provide authentication and accounting functions.

Procedure

1. Configure a RADIUS scheme:

# Create a RADIUS scheme named rs1 and enter its view.

<Switch> system-view

[Switch] radius scheme rs1

# Specify the primary authentication server and primary accounting server, and configure the keys for communication with the servers.

[Switch-radius-rs1] primary authentication 192.168.0.113

[Switch-radius-rs1] primary accounting 192.168.0.113

[Switch-radius-rs1] key authentication simple radius

[Switch-radius-rs1] key accounting simple radius

# Exclude the ISP domain name from the username sent to the RADIUS server.

[Switch-radius-rs1] user-name-format without-domain

[Switch-radius-rs1] quit

# Enable RADIUS session control.

[Switch] radius session-control enable

2. Configure an authentication domain:

# Create an ISP domain named dm1 and enter its view.

[Switch] domain dm1

# Configure AAA methods for the ISP domain.

[Switch-isp-dm1] authentication portal radius-scheme rs1

[Switch-isp-dm1] authorization portal radius-scheme rs1

[Switch-isp-dm1] accounting portal radius-scheme rs1

[Switch-isp-dm1] quit

[Switch] domain default enable dm1

3. Configure DHCP relay and authorized ARP:

# Configure DHCP relay.

[Switch] dhcp enable

[Switch] dhcp relay client-information record

[Switch] interface vlan-interface 100

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] ip address 20.20.20.1 255.255.255.0

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 sub

[Switch-Vlan-interface100] dhcp select relay

[Switch-Vlan-interface100] dhcp relay server-address 192.168.0.112

# Enable authorized ARP.

[Switch-Vlan-interface100] arp authorized enable

[Switch-Vlan-interface100] quit

4. Configure portal authentication:

# Configure a portal authentication server.

[Switch] portal server newpt

[Switch-portal-server-newpt] ip 192.168.0.111 key simple portal

[Switch-portal-server-newpt] port 50100

[Switch-portal-server-newpt] quit

# Configure a portal Web server.

[Switch] portal web-server newpt

[Switch-portal-websvr-newpt] url http://192.168.0.111:8080/portal

[Switch-portal-websvr-newpt] quit

# Enable re-DHCP portal authentication on VLAN-interface 100.

[Switch] interface vlan-interface 100

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] portal enable method redhcp

# Specify portal Web server newpt on VLAN-interface 100.

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] portal apply web-server newpt

# Configure the BAS-IP as 20.20.20.1 for portal packets sent from VLAN-interface 100 to the portal authentication server.

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] portal bas-ip 20.20.20.1

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] quit

Verifying the configuration

# Verify that the portal configuration has taken effect.

[Switch] display portal interface vlan-interface 100

Portal information of Vlan-interface100

NAS-ID profile: Not configured

Authorization : Strict checking

ACL : Disabled

User profile : Disabled

IPv4:

Portal status: Enabled

Portal authentication method: Redhcp

Portal web server: newpt

Portal mac-trigger-server: Not configured

Authentication domain: Not configured

User-dhcp-only: Disabled

Pre-auth IP pool: Not configured

Max Portal users: Not configured

Bas-ip: 20.20.20.1

User detection: Not configured

Action for server detection:

Server type Server name Action

-- -- --

Layer3 source network:

IP address Mask

Destination authenticate subnet:

IP address Mask

IPv6:

Portal status: Disabled

Portal authentication method: Disabled

Portal web server: Not configured

Portal mac-trigger-server: Not configured

Authentication domain: Not configured

User-dhcp-only: Disabled

Pre-auth IP pool: Not configured

Max Portal users: Not configured

Bas-ipv6: Not configured

User detection: Not configured

Action for server detection:

Server type Server name Action

-- -- --

Layer3 source network:

IP address Prefix length

Destination authenticate subnet:

IP address Prefix length

Before passing the authentication, a user that uses the H3C iNode client can access only the authentication page http://192.168.0.111:8080/portal. All Web requests from the user will be redirected to the authentication page. After passing the authentication, the user can access other network resources.

# After the user passes authentication, use the following command to display information about the portal user.

[Switch] display portal user interface vlan-interface 100

Total portal users: 1

Username: abc

Portal server: newpt

State: Online

VPN instance: N/A

MAC IP VLAN Interface

0015-e9a6-7cfe 20.20.20.2 100 Vlan-interface100

Authorization information:

DHCP IP pool: N/A

User profile: N/A

Session group profile: N/A

ACL number: N/A

Inbound CAR: N/A

Outbound CAR: N/A

Example: Configuring cross-subnet portal authentication

Network configuration

As shown in Figure 13, Switch A supports portal authentication. The host accesses Switch A through Switch B. A portal server acts as both a portal authentication server and a portal Web server. A RADIUS server acts as the authentication/accounting server.

Configure Switch A for cross-subnet portal authentication. Before passing the authentication, the host can access only the portal Web server. After passing the authentication, the user can access other network resources.

Figure 13 Network diagram

Restrictions and guidelines

Make sure the IP address of the portal device added on the portal authentication server is the IP address (20.20.20.1) of the switch's interface connecting the host. The IP address group associated with the portal device is the subnet of the host (8.8.8.0/24).

Prerequisites

· Configure IP addresses for the switch and servers as shown in Figure 13 and make sure the host, switch, and servers can reach each other.

· Configure the RADIUS server correctly to provide authentication and accounting functions.

Procedure

1. Configure a RADIUS scheme:

# Create a RADIUS scheme named rs1 and enter its view.

<SwitchA> system-view

[SwitchA] radius scheme rs1

# Specify the primary authentication server and primary accounting server, and configure the keys for communication with the servers.

[SwitchA-radius-rs1] primary authentication 192.168.0.112

[SwitchA-radius-rs1] primary accounting 192.168.0.112

[SwitchA-radius-rs1] key authentication simple radius

[SwitchA-radius-rs1] key accounting simple radius

# Exclude the ISP domain name from the username sent to the RADIUS server.

[SwitchA-radius-rs1] user-name-format without-domain

[SwitchA-radius-rs1] quit

# Enable RADIUS session control.

[SwitchA] radius session-control enable

2. Configure an authentication domain:

# Create an ISP domain named dm1 and enter its view.

[SwitchA] domain dm1

# Configure AAA methods for the ISP domain.

[SwitchA-isp-dm1] authentication portal radius-scheme rs1

[SwitchA-isp-dm1] authorization portal radius-scheme rs1

[SwitchA-isp-dm1] accounting portal radius-scheme rs1

[SwitchA-isp-dm1] quit

[SwitchA] domain default enable dm1

3. Configure portal authentication:

# Configure a portal authentication server.

[SwitchA] portal server newpt

[SwitchA-portal-server-newpt] ip 192.168.0.111 key simple portal

[SwitchA-portal-server-newpt] port 50100

[SwitchA-portal-server-newpt] quit

# Configure a portal Web server.

[SwitchA] portal web-server newpt

[SwitchA-portal-websvr-newpt] url http://192.168.0.111:8080/portal

[SwitchA-portal-websvr-newpt] quit

# Enable cross-subnet portal authentication on VLAN-interface 4.

[SwitchA] interface vlan-interface 4

[SwitchA–Vlan-interface4] portal enable method layer3

# Specify portal Web server newpt on VLAN-interface 4.

[SwitchA–Vlan-interface4] portal apply web-server newpt

# Configure the BAS-IP as 20.20.20.1 for portal packets sent from VLAN-interface 4 to the portal authentication server.

[SwitchA–Vlan-interface4] portal bas-ip 20.20.20.1

[SwitchA–Vlan-interface4] quit

Verifying the configuration

# Verify that the portal configuration has taken effect.

[SwitchA] display portal interface vlan-interface 4

Portal information of Vlan-interface4

NAS-ID profile: Not configured

Authorization : Strict checking

ACL : Disabled

User profile : Disabled

IPv4:

Portal status: Enabled

Portal authentication method: Layer3

Portal web server: newpt

Portal mac-trigger-server: Not configured

Authentication domain: Not configured

User-dhcp-only: Disabled

Pre-auth IP pool: Not configured

Max Portal users: Not configured

Bas-ip: 20.20.20.1

User detection: Not configured

Action for server detection:

Server type Server name Action

-- -- --

Layer3 source network:

IP address Mask

Destination authenticate subnet:

IP address Mask

IPv6:

Portal status: Disabled

Portal authentication method: Disabled

Portal web server: Not configured

Portal mac-trigger-server: Not configured

Authentication domain: Not configured

User-dhcp-only: Disabled

Pre-auth IP pool: Not configured

Max Portal users: Not configured

Bas-ipv6: Not configured

User detection: Not configured

Action for server detection:

Server type Server name Action

-- -- --

Layer3 source network:

IP address Prefix length

Destination authenticate subnet:

IP address Prefix length

# After the user passes authentication, use the following command to display information about the portal user.

[SwitchA] display portal user interface vlan-interface 4

Total portal users: 1

Username: abc

Portal server: newpt

State: Online

VPN instance: N/A

MAC IP VLAN Interface

0000-0000-0000 8.8.8.2 4 Vlan-interface4

Authorization information:

DHCP IP pool: N/A

User profile: N/A

Session group profile: N/A

ACL number: N/A

Inbound CAR: N/A

Outbound CAR: N/A

Example: Configuring extended direct portal authentication

Network configuration

As shown in Figure 14, the host is directly connected to the switch (the access device). The host is assigned a public IP address either manually or through DHCP. A portal server acts as both a portal authentication server and a portal Web server. A RADIUS server acts as the authentication/accounting server.

Configure extended direct portal authentication. If the host fails security check after passing identity authentication, it can access only subnet 192.168.0.0/24. After passing security check, the host can access other network resources.

Figure 14 Network diagram

Prerequisites

· Configure IP addresses for the host, switch, and servers as shown in Figure 14 and make sure they can reach each other.

· Configure the RADIUS server correctly to provide authentication and accounting functions.

Procedure

1. Configure a RADIUS scheme:

# Create a RADIUS scheme named rs1 and enter its view.

<Switch> system-view

[Switch] radius scheme rs1

# Specify the primary authentication server and primary accounting server, and configure the keys for communication with the servers.

[Switch-radius-rs1] primary authentication 192.168.0.112

[Switch-radius-rs1] primary accounting 192.168.0.112

[Switch-radius-rs1] key accounting simple radius

[Switch-radius-rs1] key authentication simple radius

[Switch-radius-rs1] user-name-format without-domain

# Enable RADIUS session control.

[Switch] radius session-control enable

# Specify a session-control client with IP address 192.168.0.112 and shared key 12345 in plaintext form.

[Switch] radius session-control client ip 192.168.0.112 key simple 12345

2. Configure an authentication domain:

# Create an ISP domain named dm1 and enter its view.

[Switch] domain dm1

# Configure AAA methods for the ISP domain.

[Switch-isp-dm1] authentication portal radius-scheme rs1

[Switch-isp-dm1] authorization portal radius-scheme rs1

[Switch-isp-dm1] accounting portal radius-scheme rs1

[Switch-isp-dm1] quit

[Switch] domain default enable dm1

3. Configure ACL 3000 as the isolation ACL and ACL 3001 as the security ACL.

[Switch] acl advanced 3000

[Switch-acl-ipv4-adv-3000] rule permit ip destination 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255

[Switch-acl-ipv4-adv-3000] rule deny ip

[Switch-acl-ipv4-adv-3000] quit

[Switch] acl advanced 3001

[Switch-acl-ipv4-adv-3001] rule permit ip

[Switch-acl-ipv4-adv-3001] quit

NOTE:

Make sure you specify ACL 3000 as the isolation ACL and ACL 3001 as the security ACL on the security policy server.

4. Configure portal authentication:

# Configure a portal authentication server.

[Switch] portal server newpt

[Switch-portal-server-newpt] ip 192.168.0.111 key simple portal

[Switch-portal-server-newpt] port 50100

[Switch-portal-server-newpt] quit

# Configure a portal Web server.

[Switch] portal web-server newpt

[Switch-portal-websvr-newpt] url http://192.168.0.111:8080/portal

[Switch-portal-websvr-newpt] quit

# Enable direct portal authentication on VLAN-interface 100.

[Switch] interface vlan-interface 100

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] portal enable method direct

# Specify portal Web server newpt on VLAN-interface 100.

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] portal apply web-server newpt

# Configure the BAS-IP as 2.2.2.1 for portal packets sent from VLAN-interface 100 to the portal authentication server.

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] portal bas-ip 2.2.2.1

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] quit

Verifying the configuration

# Verify that the portal configuration has taken effect.

[Switch] display portal interface vlan-interface 100

Portal information of Vlan-interface100

NAS-ID profile: Not configured

Authorization : Strict checking

ACL : Disabled

User profile : Disabled

IPv4:

Portal status: Enabled

Portal authentication method: Direct

Portal web server: newpt

Portal mac-trigger-server: Not configured

Authentication domain: Not configured

User-dhcp-only: Disabled

Pre-auth IP pool: Not configured

Max Portal users: Not configured

Bas-ip: 2.2.2.1

User detection: Not configured

Action for server detection:

Server type Server name Action

-- -- --

Layer3 source network:

IP address Mask

Destination authenticate subnet:

IP address Mask

IPv6:

Portal status: Disabled

Portal authentication method: Disabled

Portal web server: Not configured

Portal mac-trigger-server: Not configured

Authentication domain: Not configured

User-dhcp-only: Disabled

Pre-auth IP pool: Not configured

Max Portal users: Not configured

Bas-ipv6: Not configured

User detection: Not configured

Action for server detection:

Server type Server name Action

-- -- --

Layer3 source network:

IP address Prefix length

Destination authenticate subnet:

IP address Prefix length

Before passing portal authentication, a user that uses the H3C iNode client can access only the authentication page http://192.168.0.111:8080/portal. All Web requests from the user will be redirected to the authentication page.

· The user can access the resources permitted by ACL 3000 after passing only identity authentication.

· The user can access network resources permitted by ACL 3001 after passing both identity authentication and security check.

# After the user passes identity authentication and security check, use the following command to display information about the portal user.

[Switch] display portal user interface vlan-interface 100

Total portal users: 1

Username: abc

Portal server: newpt

State: Online

VPN instance: N/A

MAC IP VLAN Interface

0015-e9a6-7cfe 2.2.2.2 100 Vlan-interface100

Authorization information:

DHCP IP pool: N/A

User profile: N/A

Session group profile: N/A

ACL number: 3001 (active)

Inbound CAR: N/A

Outbound CAR: N/A

Example: Configuring extended re-DHCP portal authentication

Network configuration

As shown in Figure 15, the host is directly connected to the switch (the access device). The host obtains an IP address through the DHCP server. A portal server acts as both a portal authentication server and a portal Web server. A RADIUS server acts as the authentication/accounting server.

Configure extended re-DHCP portal authentication. Before passing portal authentication, the host is assigned a private IP address. After passing portal identity authentication, the host obtains a public IP address and accepts security check. If the host fails the security check, it can access only subnet 192.168.0.0/24. After passing the security check, the host can access other network resources.

Figure 15 Network diagram

Restrictions and guidelines

· For re-DHCP portal authentication, configure a public address pool (20.20.20.0/24) and a private address pool (10.0.0.0/24) on the DHCP server. (Details not shown.)

· For re-DHCP portal authentication:

¡ The switch must be configured as a DHCP relay agent.

¡ The portal-enabled interface must be configured with a primary IP address (a public IP address) and a secondary IP address (a private IP address).

For information about DHCP relay agent configuration, see Layer 3—IP Services Configuration Guide.

Prerequisites

· Configure IP addresses for the switch and servers as shown in Figure 15 and make sure the host, switch, and servers can reach each other.

· Configure the RADIUS server correctly to provide authentication and accounting functions.

Procedure

1. Configure a RADIUS scheme:

# Create a RADIUS scheme named rs1 and enter its view.

<Switch> system-view

[Switch] radius scheme rs1

# Specify the primary authentication server and primary accounting server, and configure the keys for communication with the servers.

[Switch-radius-rs1] primary authentication 192.168.0.113

[Switch-radius-rs1] primary accounting 192.168.0.113

[Switch-radius-rs1] key accounting simple radius

[Switch-radius-rs1] key authentication simple radius

[Switch-radius-rs1] user-name-format without-domain

# Enable RADIUS session control.

[Switch] radius session-control enable

# Specify a session-control client with IP address 192.168.0.113 and shared key 12345 in plaintext form.

[Switch] radius session-control client ip 192.168.0.113 key simple 12345

2. Configure an authentication domain:

# Create an ISP domain named dm1 and enter its view.

[Switch] domain dm1

# Configure AAA methods for the ISP domain.

[Switch-isp-dm1] authentication portal radius-scheme rs1

[Switch-isp-dm1] authorization portal radius-scheme rs1

[Switch-isp-dm1] accounting portal radius-scheme rs1

[Switch-isp-dm1] quit

[Switch] domain default enable dm1

3. Configure ACL 3000 as the isolation ACL and ACL 3001 as the security ACL.

[Switch] acl advanced 3000

[Switch-acl-ipv4-adv-3000] rule permit ip destination 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255

[Switch-acl-ipv4-adv-3000] rule deny ip

[Switch-acl-ipv4-adv-3000] quit

[Switch] acl advanced 3001

[Switch-acl-ipv4-adv-3001] rule permit ip

[Switch-acl-ipv4-adv-3001] quit

NOTE:

Make sure you specify ACL 3000 as the isolation ACL and ACL 3001 as the security ACL on the security policy server.

4. Configure DHCP relay and authorized ARP:

# Configure DHCP relay.

[Switch] dhcp enable

[Switch] dhcp relay client-information record

[Switch] interface vlan-interface 100

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] ip address 20.20.20.1 255.255.255.0

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 sub

[Switch-Vlan-interface100] dhcp select relay

[Switch-Vlan-interface100] dhcp relay server-address 192.168.0.112

# Enable authorized ARP.

[Switch-Vlan-interface100] arp authorized enable

[Switch-Vlan-interface100] quit

5. Configure portal authentication:

# Configure a portal authentication server.

[Switch] portal server newpt

[Switch-portal-server-newpt] ip 192.168.0.111 key simple portal

[Switch-portal-server-newpt] port 50100

[Switch-portal-server-newpt] quit

# Configure a portal Web server.

[Switch] portal web-server newpt

[Switch-portal-websvr-newpt] url http://192.168.0.111:8080/portal

[Switch-portal-websvr-newpt] quit

# Enable re-DHCP portal authentication on VLAN-interface 100.

[Switch] interface vlan-interface 100

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] portal enable method redhcp

# Specify portal Web server newpt on VLAN-interface 100.

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] portal apply web-server newpt

# Configure the BAS-IP as 20.20.20.1 for portal packets sent from VLAN-interface 100 to the portal authentication server.

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] portal bas-ip 20.20.20.1

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] quit

Verifying the configuration

# Verify that the portal configuration has taken effect.

[Switch] display portal interface vlan-interface 100

Portal information of Vlan-interface100

NAS-ID profile: Not configured

Authorization : Strict checking

ACL : Disabled

User profile : Disabled

IPv4:

Portal status: Enabled

Portal authentication method: Redhcp

Portal web server: newpt

Portal mac-trigger-server: Not configured

Authentication domain: Not configured

User-dhcp-only: Disabled

Pre-auth IP pool: Not configured

Max Portal users: Not configured

Bas-ip: 20.20.20.1

User detection: Not configured

Action for server detection:

Server type Server name Action

-- -- --

Layer3 source network:

IP address Mask

Destination authenticate subnet:

IP address Mask

IPv6:

Portal status: Disabled

Portal authentication method: Disabled

Portal web server: Not configured

Portal mac-trigger-server: Not configured

Authentication domain: Not configured

User-dhcp-only: Disabled

Pre-auth IP pool: Not configured

Max Portal users: Not configured

Bas-ipv6: Not configured

User detection: Not configured

Action for server detection:

Server type Server name Action

-- -- --

Layer3 source network:

IP address Prefix length

Destination authenticate subnet:

IP address Prefix length

· The user can access the resources permitted by ACL 3000 after passing only identity authentication.

· The user can access network resources permitted by ACL 3001 after passing both identity authentication and security check.

# After the user passes identity authentication and security check, use the following command to display information about the portal user.

[Switch] display portal user interface vlan-interface 100

Total portal users: 1

Username: abc

Portal server: newpt

State: Online

VPN instance: N/A

MAC IP VLAN Interface

0015-e9a6-7cfe 20.20.20.2 100 Vlan-interface100

Authorization information:

DHCP IP pool: N/A

User profile: N/A

Session group profile: N/A

ACL number: 3001 (active)

Inbound CAR: N/A

Outbound CAR: N/A

Example: Configuring extended cross-subnet portal authentication

Network configuration

As shown in Figure 16, Switch A supports portal authentication. The host accesses Switch A through Switch B. A portal server acts as both a portal authentication server and a portal Web server. A RADIUS server acts as the authentication/accounting server.

Configure Switch A for extended cross-subnet portal authentication. Before passing portal authentication, the host can access only the portal server. After passing portal identity authentication, the host accepts security check. If the host fails the security check it can access only the subnet 192.168.0.0/24. After passing the security check, the host can access other network resources.

Figure 16 Network diagram

Restrictions and guidelines

Make sure the IP address of the portal device added on the portal server is the IP address (20.20.20.1) of the switch's interface connecting the host. The IP address group associated with the portal device is the subnet of the host (8.8.8.0/24).

Prerequisites

· Configure IP addresses for the switch and servers as shown in Figure 16 and make sure the host, switch, and servers can reach each other.

· Configure the RADIUS server correctly to provide authentication and accounting functions.

Procedure

1. Configure a RADIUS scheme:

# Create a RADIUS scheme named rs1 and enter its view.

<SwitchA> system-view

[SwitchA] radius scheme rs1

# Specify the primary authentication server and primary accounting server, and configure the keys for communication with the servers.

[SwitchA-radius-rs1] primary authentication 192.168.0.112

[SwitchA-radius-rs1] primary accounting 192.168.0.112

[SwitchA-radius-rs1] key accounting simple radius

[SwitchA-radius-rs1] key authentication simple radius

[SwitchA-radius-rs1] user-name-format without-domain

# Enable RADIUS session control.

[SwitchA] radius session-control enable

# Specify a session-control client with IP address 192.168.0.112 and shared key 12345 in plaintext form.

[SwitchA] radius session-control client ip 192.168.0.112 key simple 12345

2. Configure an authentication domain:

# Create an ISP domain named dm1 and enter its view.

[SwitchA] domain dm1

# Configure AAA methods for the ISP domain.

[SwitchA-isp-dm1] authentication portal radius-scheme rs1

[SwitchA-isp-dm1] authorization portal radius-scheme rs1

[SwitchA-isp-dm1] accounting portal radius-scheme rs1

[SwitchA-isp-dm1] quit

[SwitchA] domain default enable dm1

3. Configure ACL 3000 as the isolation ACL and ACL 3001 as the security ACL.

[SwitchA] acl advanced 3000

[SwitchA-acl-ipv4-adv-3000] rule permit ip destination 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255

[SwitchA-acl-ipv4-adv-3000] rule deny ip

[SwitchA-acl-ipv4-adv-3000] quit

[SwitchA] acl advanced 3001

[SwitchA-acl-ipv4-adv-3001] rule permit ip

[SwitchA-acl-ipv4-adv-3001] quit

NOTE:

Make sure you specify ACL 3000 as the isolation ACL and ACL 3001 as the security ACL on the security policy server.

4. Configure portal authentication:

# Configure a portal authentication server.

[SwitchA] portal server newpt

[SwitchA-portal-server-newpt] ip 192.168.0.111 key simple portal

[SwitchA-portal-server-newpt] port 50100

[SwitchA-portal-server-newpt] quit

# Configure a portal Web server.

[SwitchA] portal web-server newpt

[SwitchA-portal-websvr-newpt] url http://192.168.0.111:8080/portal

[SwitchA-portal-websvr-newpt] quit

# Enable cross-subnet portal authentication on VLAN-interface 4.

[SwitchA] interface vlan-interface 4

[SwitchA–Vlan-interface4] portal enable method layer3

# Specify portal Web server newpt on VLAN-interface 4.

[SwitchA–Vlan-interface4] portal apply web-server newpt

# Configure the BAS-IP as 20.20.20.1 for portal packets sent from VLAN-interface 4 to the portal authentication server.

[SwitchA–Vlan-interface4] portal bas-ip 20.20.20.1

[SwitchA–Vlan-interface4] quit

Verifying the configuration

# Verify that the portal configuration has taken effect.

[SwitchA] display portal interface vlan-interface 4

Portal information of Vlan-interface4

NAS-ID profile: Not configured

Authorization : Strict checking

ACL : Disabled

User profile : Disabled

IPv4:

Portal status: Enabled

Portal authentication method: Layer3

Portal web server: newpt

Portal mac-trigger-server: Not configured

Authentication domain: Not configured

User-dhcp-only: Disabled

Pre-auth IP pool: Not configured

Max Portal users: Not configured

Bas-ip: 20.20.20.1

User detection: Not configured

Action for server detection:

Server type Server name Action

-- -- --

Layer3 source network:

IP address Mask

Destination authenticate subnet:

IP address Mask

IPv6:

Portal status: Disabled

Portal authentication method: Disabled

Portal web server: Not configured

Portal mac-trigger-server: Not configured

Authentication domain: Not configured

User-dhcp-only: Disabled

Pre-auth IP pool: Not configured

Max Portal users: Not configured

Bas-ip: Not configured

User detection: Not configured

Action for server detection:

Server type Server name Action

-- -- --

Layer3 source network:

IP address Prefix length

Destination authenticate subnet:

IP address Prefix length

· The user can access the resources permitted by ACL 3000 after passing only identity authentication.

· The user can access network resources permitted by ACL 3001 after passing both identity authentication and security check.

# After the user passes identity authentication and security check, use the following command to display information about the portal user.

[SwitchA] display portal user interface vlan-interface 4

Total portal users: 1

Username: abc

Portal server: newpt

State: Online

VPN instance: N/A

MAC IP VLAN Interface

0015-e9a6-7cfe 8.8.8.2 4 Vlan-interface4

Authorization information:

DHCP IP pool: N/A

User profile: N/A

Session group profile: N/A

ACL number: 3001 (active)

Inbound CAR: N/A

Outbound CAR: N/A

Example: Configuring portal server detection and portal user synchronization

Network configuration

As shown in Figure 17, the host is directly connected to the switch (the access device). The host is assigned a public IP address either manually or through DHCP. A portal server acts as both a portal authentication server and a portal Web server. A RADIUS server acts as the authentication/accounting server.

· Configure direct portal authentication on the switch, so the host can access only the portal server before passing the authentication and access other network resources after passing the authentication.

· Configure the switch to detect the reachability state of the portal authentication server, send log messages upon state changes, and disable portal authentication when the authentication server is unreachable.

· Configure the switch to synchronize portal user information with the portal server periodically.

Figure 17 Network diagram

Prerequisites

· Configure IP addresses for the switch and servers as shown in Figure 17 and make sure the host, switch, and servers can reach each other.

· Configure the RADIUS server correctly to provide authentication and accounting functions.

Configuring the portal authentication server on IMC PLAT 5.0

In this example, the portal server runs on IMC PLAT 5.0(E0101) and IMC UAM 5.0(E0101).

1. Configure the portal authentication server:

a. Log in to IMC and click the Service tab.

b. Select User Access Manager > Portal Service Management > Server from the navigation tree to open the portal server configuration page, as shown in Figure 18.

c. Configure the portal server heartbeat interval and user heartbeat interval.

d. Use the default settings for other parameters.

e. Click OK.

Figure 18 Portal authentication server configuration

2. Configure the IP address group:

a. Select User Access Manager > Portal Service Management > IP Group from the navigation tree to open the portal IP address group configuration page.

b. Click Add to open the page as shown in Figure 19.

c. Enter the IP group name.

d. Enter the start IP address and end IP address of the IP group.

Make sure the host IP address is in the IP group.

e. Select a service group.

This example uses the default group Ungrouped.

f. Select the action Normal.

g. Click OK.

Figure 19 Adding an IP address group

3. Add a portal device:

a. Select User Access Manager > Portal Service Management > Device from the navigation tree to open the portal device configuration page.

b. Click Add to open the page as shown in Figure 20.

c. Enter the device name NAS.

d. Enter the IP address of the switch's interface connected to the host.

e. Enter the key, which must be the same as that configured on the switch.

f. Set whether to enable IP address reallocation.

This example uses direct portal authentication, and therefore select No from the Reallocate IP list.

g. Select whether to support server heartbeat and user heartbeat functions.

In this example, select Yes for both Support Server Heartbeat and Support User Heartbeat.

h. Click OK.

Figure 20 Adding a portal device

4. Associate the portal device with the IP address group:

a. As shown in Figure 21, click the icon in the Port Group Information Management column of device NAS to open the port group configuration page.

b. Click Add to open the page as shown in Figure 22.

c. Enter the port group name.

d. Select the configured IP address group.

The IP address used by the user to access the network must be within this IP address group.

e. Use the default settings for other parameters.

f. Click OK.

Figure 21 Device list

Figure 22 Adding a port group

5. Select User Access Manager > Service Parameters > Validate System Configuration from the navigation tree to make the configurations take effect.

Configuring the switch

1. Configure a RADIUS scheme:

# Create a RADIUS scheme named rs1 and enter its view.

<Switch> system-view

[Switch] radius scheme rs1

# Specify the primary authentication server and primary accounting server, and configure the keys for communication with the servers.

[Switch-radius-rs1] primary authentication 192.168.0.112

[Switch-radius-rs1] primary accounting 192.168.0.112

[Switch-radius-rs1] key authentication simple radius

[Switch-radius-rs1] key accounting simple radius

# Exclude the ISP domain name from the username sent to the RADIUS server.

[Switch-radius-rs1] user-name-format without-domain

[Switch-radius-rs1] quit

# Enable RADIUS session control.

[Switch] radius session-control enable

2. Configure an authentication domain:

# Create an ISP domain named dm1 and enter its view.

[Switch] domain dm1

# Configure AAA methods for the ISP domain.

[Switch-isp-dm1] authentication portal radius-scheme rs1

[Switch-isp-dm1] authorization portal radius-scheme rs1

[Switch-isp-dm1] accounting portal radius-scheme rs1

[Switch-isp-dm1] quit

[Switch] domain default enable dm1

3. Configure portal authentication:

# Configure a portal authentication server.

[Switch] portal server newpt

[Switch-portal-server-newpt] ip 192.168.0.111 key simple portal

[Switch-portal-server-newpt] port 50100

# Configure reachability detection of the portal authentication server: set the server detection interval to 40 seconds, and send log messages upon reachability status changes.

[Switch-portal-server-newpt] server-detect timeout 40 log

NOTE:

The value of timeout must be greater than or equal to the portal server heartbeat interval.

# Configure portal user synchronization with the portal authentication server, and set the synchronization detection interval to 600 seconds.

[Switch-portal-server-newpt] user-sync timeout 600

[Switch-portal-server-newpt] quit

NOTE:

The value of timeout must be greater than or equal to the portal user heartbeat interval.

# Configure a portal Web server.

[Switch] portal web-server newpt

[Switch-portal-websvr-newpt] url http://192.168.0.111:8080/portal

[Switch-portal-websvr-newpt] quit

# Enable direct portal authentication on VLAN-interface 100.

[Switch] interface vlan-interface 100

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] portal enable method direct

# Enable portal fail-permit for the portal authentication server newpt.

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] portal fail-permit server newpt

# Specify portal Web server newpt on VLAN-interface 100.

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] portal apply web-server newpt

# Configure the BAS-IP as 2.2.2.1 for portal packets sent from VLAN-interface 100 to the portal authentication server.

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] portal bas-ip 2.2.2.1

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] quit

Verifying the configuration

# Use the following command to display information about the portal authentication server.

[Switch] display portal server newpt

Portal server: newpt

Type : IMC

IP : 192.168.0.111

VPN instance : Not configured

Port : 50100

Server Detection : Timeout 40s Action: log

User synchronization : Timeout 600s

Status : Up

The Up status of the portal authentication server indicates that the portal authentication server is reachable. If the access device detects that the portal authentication server is unreachable, the Status field in the command output displays Down. The access device generates a server unreachable log "Portal server newpt turns down from up." and disables portal authentication on the access interface, so the host can access the external network without authentication.

Example: Configuring direct portal authentication using a local portal Web service

Network configuration

As shown in Figure 23, the host is directly connected to the switch (the access device). The host is assigned a public IP address either manually or through DHCP. The switch acts as both a portal authentication server and a portal Web server. A RADIUS server acts as the authentication/accounting server.

Configure direct portal authentication on the switch. Before a user passes portal authentication, the user can access only the portal Web server. After passing portal authentication, the user can access other network resources.

Figure 23 Network diagram

Prerequisites

· Configure IP addresses for the host, switch, and server as shown in Figure 23 and make sure they can reach each other.

· Configure the RADIUS server correctly to provide authentication and accounting functions.

Procedure

1. Configure a RADIUS scheme:

# Create a RADIUS scheme named rs1 and enter its view.

<Switch> system-view

[Switch] radius scheme rs1

# Specify the primary authentication server and primary accounting server, and configure the keys for communication with the servers.

[Switch-radius-rs1] primary authentication 192.168.0.112

[Switch-radius-rs1] primary accounting 192.168.0.112

[Switch-radius-rs1] key authentication simple radius

[Switch-radius-rs1] key accounting simple radius

# Exclude the ISP domain name from the username sent to the RADIUS server.

[Switch-radius-rs1] user-name-format without-domain

[Switch-radius-rs1] quit

# Enable RADIUS session control.

[Switch] radius session-control enable

2. Configure an authentication domain:

# Create an ISP domain named dm1 and enter its view.

[Switch] domain dm1

# Configure AAA methods for the ISP domain.

[Switch-isp-dm1] authentication portal radius-scheme rs1

[Switch-isp-dm1] authorization portal radius-scheme rs1

[Switch-isp-dm1] accounting portal radius-scheme rs1

[Switch-isp-dm1] quit

[Switch] domain default enable dm1

3. Configure portal authentication:

# Configure a portal Web server named newpt and specify http://2.2.2.1:2331/portal as the URL of the portal Web server. The IP address in the URL must be the IP address of a Layer 3 interface reachable to portal clients or a loopback interface (except 127.0.0.1) on the device.

[Switch] portal web-server newpt

[Switch-portal-websvr-newpt] url http://2.2.2.1:2331/portal

[Switch-portal-websvr-newpt] quit

# Enable direct portal authentication on VLAN-interface 100.

[Switch] interface vlan-interface 100

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] portal enable method direct

# Specify portal Web server newpt on VLAN-interface 100.

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] portal apply web-server newpt

[Switch–Vlan-interface100] quit

# Create an HTTP-based local portal Web service and enter its view.

[Switch] portal local-web-server http

# Specify file defaultfile.zip as the default authentication page file for the local portal Web service. (Make sure the file exist under the root directory of the switch.)

[Switch–portal-local-websvr-http] default-logon-page defaultfile.zip

# Set the HTTP listening port number to 2331 for the local portal Web service.

[Switch–portal-local-webserver-http] tcp-port 2331

[Switch–portal-local-websvr-http] quit

Verifying the configuration

# Verify that the portal configuration has taken effect.

[Switch] display portal interface vlan-interface 100

Portal information of Vlan-interface 100

Authorization Strict checking

ACL Disabled

User profile Disabled

IPv4:

Portal status: Enabled

Portal authentication method: Direct

Portal web server: newpt

Portal mac-trigger-server: Not configured

Authentication domain: Not configured

User-dhcp-only: Disabled

Pre-auth IP pool: Not configured

Max Portal users: Not configured

Bas-ip: Not configured

User detection: Not configured

Action for server detection:

Server type Server name Action

-- -- --

Layer3 source network:

IP address Mask

Destination authenticate subnet:

IP address Mask

IPv6:

Portal status: Disabled

Portal authentication method: Disabled

Portal web server: Not configured

Portal mac-trigger-server: Not configured

Authentication domain: Not configured

User-dhcp-only: Disabled

Pre-auth IP pool: Not configured

Max Portal users: Not configured

Bas-ipv6: Not configured

User detection: Not configured

Action for server detection:

Server type Server name Action

-- -- --

Layer3 source network:

IP address Prefix length

Destination authenticate subnet:

IP address Prefix length

A user can perform portal authentication through a Web page. Before passing the authentication, the user can access only the authentication page http://2.2.2.1:2331/portal and all Web requests will be redirected to the authentication page. After passing the authentication, the user can access other network resources.

# After the user passes authentication, use the following command to display information about the portal user.

[Switch] display portal user interface vlan-interface 100

Total portal users: 1

Username: abc

Portal server: newpt

State: Online

VPN instance: N/A

MAC IP VLAN Interface

0015-e9a6-7cfe 2.2.2.2 100 Vlan-interface100

Authorization information:

DHCP IP pool: N/A

User profile: N/A

Session group profile: N/A

ACL number: N/A

Inbound CAR: N/A

Outbound CAR: N/A

Troubleshooting portal

No portal authentication page is pushed for users

Symptom

When a user is redirected to the IMC portal authentication server, no portal authentication page or error message is prompted for the user. The login page is blank.

Analysis

The key configured on the portal access device and that configured on the portal authentication server are inconsistent. As a result, packet verification fails, and the portal authentication server refuses to push the authentication page.

Solution

Use the display this command in portal authentication server view on the access device to check whether a key is configured for the portal authentication server.

· If no key is configured, configure the right key.

· If a key is configured, use the ip or ipv6 command in the portal authentication server view to correct the key, or correct the key configured for the access device on the portal authentication server.

Cannot log out portal users on the access device

Symptom

You cannot use the portal delete-user command on the access device to log out a portal user, but the portal user can log out by clicking the Disconnect button on the portal authentication client.

Analysis

When you execute the portal delete-user command on the access device to log out a user, the access device sends an unsolicited logout notification message to the portal authentication server. The destination port number in the logout notification is the listening port number of the portal authentication server configured on the access device. If this listening port number is not the actual listening port number configured on the server, the server cannot receive the notification. As a result, the server does not log out the user.

When a user uses the Disconnect button on the authentication client to log out, the portal authentication server sends an unsolicited logout request message to the access device. The access device uses the source port in the logout request as the destination port in the logout ACK message. As a result, the portal authentication server can definitely receive the logout ACK message and log out the user.

Solution

1. Use the display portal server command to display the listening port of the portal authentication server configured on the access device.

2. Use the portal server command in system view to change the listening port number to the actual listening port of the portal authentication server.

Cannot log out portal users on the RADIUS server

Symptom

The access device uses the H3C IMC server as the RADIUS server to perform identity authentication for portal users. You cannot log out the portal users on the RADIUS server.

Analysis

The H3C IMC server uses session control packets to send disconnection requests to the access device. On the access device, the listening UDP port for session control packets is disabled by default. Therefore, the access device cannot receive the portal user logout requests from the RADIUS server.

Solution

On the access device, execute the radius session-control enable command in system view to enable the RADIUS session control function.

Users logged out by the access device still exist on the portal authentication server

Symptom

After you log out a portal user on the access device, the user still exists on the portal authentication server.

Analysis

When you execute the portal delete-user command on the access device to log out a user, the access device sends an unsolicited logout notification to the portal authentication server. If the BAS-IP or BAS-IPv6 address carried in the logout notification is different from the portal device IP address specified on the portal authentication server, the portal authentication server discards the logout notification. When sending of the logout notifications times out, the access device logs out the user. However, the portal authentication server does not receive the logout notification successfully, and therefore it regards the user is still online.

Solution

Configure the BAS-IP or BAS-IPv6 attribute on the interface enabled with portal authentication. Make sure the attribute value is the same as the portal device IP address specified on the portal authentication server.

Re-DHCP portal authenticated users cannot log in successfully

Symptom

The device performs re-DHCP portal authentication for users. A user enters the correct username and password, and the client successfully obtains the private and public IP addresses. However, the authentication result for the user is failure.

Analysis

When the access device detects that the client IP address is changed, it sends an unsolicited portal packet to notify of the IP change to the portal authentication server. The portal authentication server notifies of the authentication success only after it receives the IP change notification from both the access device and the client.

If the BAS-IP or BAS-IPv6 address carried in the portal notification packet is different from the portal device IP address specified on the portal authentication server, the portal authentication server discards the portal notification packet. As a result, the portal authentication server considers that the user has failed the authentication.

09-Security Configuration Guide

Configuring portal authentication

Portal system

Authentication client

Access device

Portal server

AAA server

Security policy server

System components

Portal authentication modes

Direct authentication

Re-DHCP authentication

Cross-subnet authentication

Portal authentication process

Direct authentication/cross-subnet authentication process (with CHAP/PAP authentication)

Re-DHCP authentication process (with CHAP/PAP authentication)

Portal filtering rules

Prerequisites for portal authentication

About configuring the remote portal authentication server

Restrictions and guidelines

Procedure

Configuring a portal Web server

About the captive-bypass feature

Procedure

About match rules for URL redirection

Restrictions and guidelines

Procedure

About customizing authentication pages

File name rules

Page request rules

Post request attribute rules

Page file compression and saving rules

Redirecting authenticated users to a specific webpage

Configuring a local portal Web service

Prerequisites

Procedure

Restrictions and guidelines

Procedure

About specifying a portal Web server on an interface

Procedure

About preauthentication IP address pools

Restrictions and guidelines

Procedure

Configuring a portal-free rule

About portal-free rules

Restrictions and guidelines for configuring a portal-free rule

Configuring an IP-based portal-free rule

Configuring a source-based portal-free rule

Configuring a destination-based portal-free rule

Configuring an authentication source subnet

About authentication source subnets

Restrictions and guidelines

Procedure

About authentication destination subnets

Restrictions and guidelines

Procedure

About the support of Web proxy for portal authentication

Restrictions and guidelines

Procedure

About checking the issuing of category-2 portal filtering rules

Procedure

About setting the maximum number of portal users

Restrictions and guidelines for setting the maximum number of portal users

Setting the global maximum number of portal users

Setting the maximum number of portal users on an interface

About strict-checking on portal authorization information

Enabling strict checking on portal authentication information on an interface

About allowing only users with DHCP-assigned IP addresses to pass portal authentication

Restrictions and guidelines

Allowing only users with DHCP-assigned IP addresses to pass portal authentication on an interface

About portal roaming

Restrictions and guidelines

Procedure

About the portal fail-permit feature

Procedure

About online detection for portal users

Restrictions and guidelines

Procedure

About portal authentication server detection

Restrictions and guidelines